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Related Concept Videos

Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors01:30

Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), a vital component of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, is abundant in lung endothelial cells. ACE converts the inactive decapeptide, angiotensin I, into the active octapeptide, angiotensin II. This potent vasoconstrictor narrows blood vessels, increasing resistance to blood flow and elevating blood pressure. Angiotensin II also stimulates aldosterone production, encouraging kidney cells to reabsorb more sodium and water from urine, thereby increasing...
Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers01:30

Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers

In the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, a hormone called angiotensin II plays a crucial role. It binds to the AT1 receptors in vascular smooth muscles coupled with Gq proteins. The activation of these receptors activates an enzyme called phospholipase C, which releases two molecules: inositol trisphosphate and diacylglycerol. These molecules cause a chain reaction that leads to the phosphorylation of myosin light chains and promotes interaction between actin and myosin, leading to smooth...
Antihypertensive Drugs: Direct Renin Inhibitors01:25

Antihypertensive Drugs: Direct Renin Inhibitors

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is an intricate physiological pathway involving numerous enzymes and hormones, including renin, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin I and II, and aldosterone. Imbalances within this system increase the production of angiotensin II and aldosterone. Increased angiotensin II levels promote vasoconstriction and blood pressure elevation. Concurrently, higher aldosterone levels stimulate sodium and water reabsorption in the kidneys,...
Hypertension II: Pathophysiology01:29

Hypertension II: Pathophysiology

Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...
Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System01:26

Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System

The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the RAAS is a pharmacological target in heart failure management. As a result, neurohumoral modulation is a crucial treatment principle for managing heart failure. This approach involves using medications like ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and neutral...
Transducer Mechanism: Enzyme-Linked Receptors01:27

Transducer Mechanism: Enzyme-Linked Receptors

Enzyme-linked receptors are cell-surface receptors acting as an enzyme or associating with an enzyme intracellularly. They make excellent drug targets. Drugs can bind to the extracellular ligand-binding domain or directly affect their enzymatic domain and alter their activity.
Major types that are helpful drug targets include:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 27, 2026

Receptor Autoradiography Protocol for the Localized Visualization of Angiotensin II Receptors
12:03

Receptor Autoradiography Protocol for the Localized Visualization of Angiotensin II Receptors

Published on: June 7, 2016

Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2: the first decade.

Nicola E Clarke1, Anthony J Turner

  • 1Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.

International Journal of Hypertension
|November 29, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is regulated by ACE2, which metabolizes Ang II into Ang-(1-7). This enzyme shows therapeutic potential for hypertension and other conditions, with ongoing clinical trials.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 27, 2026

Receptor Autoradiography Protocol for the Localized Visualization of Angiotensin II Receptors
12:03

Receptor Autoradiography Protocol for the Localized Visualization of Angiotensin II Receptors

Published on: June 7, 2016

Nitropeptide Profiling and Identification Illustrated by Angiotensin II
07:31

Nitropeptide Profiling and Identification Illustrated by Angiotensin II

Published on: June 16, 2019

Subcutaneous Angiotensin II Infusion using Osmotic Pumps Induces Aortic Aneurysms in Mice
07:21

Subcutaneous Angiotensin II Infusion using Osmotic Pumps Induces Aortic Aneurysms in Mice

Published on: September 28, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Physiology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) regulates blood pressure via angiotensin II (Ang II).
  • Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) metabolizes Ang II to Ang-(1-7), a peptide with vasodilatory effects.
  • ACE2 also has non-catalytic roles, including viral receptor and amino acid transporter functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the biological roles of ACE2.
  • To focus on the regulation of ACE2 expression.
  • To discuss the therapeutic potential of ACE2, especially in hypertension.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on ACE2.
  • Analysis of ACE2's catalytic and non-catalytic functions.
  • Discussion of ACE2 expression regulation and therapeutic applications.

Main Results:

  • ACE2 plays a key role in regulating Ang II levels and blood pressure.
  • Ang-(1-7) exhibits antifibrotic and antiproliferative effects beyond vasodilation.
  • ACE2 has diverse biological functions, including acting as a viral receptor and amino acid transporter.

Conclusions:

  • ACE2 is a significant therapeutic target for hypertension and other diseases.
  • Understanding ACE2 regulation is crucial for its clinical application.
  • Further research is needed to address remaining questions regarding ACE2's therapeutic use.