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Related Experiment Videos

On the level-dependent penalty for impulse sound.

J Vos1

  • 1TNO Institute for Perception, Soesterberg, The Netherlands.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|August 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

The penalty for impulse sounds like gunfire is level-dependent, decreasing as sound levels increase. This effect was confirmed across multiple experiments, highlighting the need for better acoustic measures to predict these penalties.

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Area of Science:

  • Acoustics
  • Psychoacoustics
  • Environmental Noise

Background:

  • Road-traffic sounds are perceived as less annoying than impulse sounds at lower equivalent sound levels (Leq).
  • The perceived difference in annoyance diminishes as sound levels increase, suggesting a level-dependent penalty for impulse noise.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the level-dependent penalty of impulse sounds compared to continuous sounds.
  • To determine if the rating scale method influenced previous findings on the level-dependent penalty.
  • To establish the relevance of level-dependent corrections for impulse noise in different sound exposure scenarios.

Main Methods:

  • Experiments 1 and 2 utilized the method of adjustment to assess the level-dependent penalty for gunfire sounds.
  • Experiment 3 employed the method of paired comparison to re-evaluate the penalty across various indoor Leq values.
  • A-weighted equivalent sound levels (Leq) were measured and analyzed.

Main Results:

  • The penalty for impulse sounds, specifically gunfire, was confirmed to be level-dependent.
  • The method of adjustment showed a level-dependent penalty but was affected by bias and yielded lower penalty values than prior rating experiments.
  • Paired comparison confirmed that a significant penalty (approx. 10 dB) is needed for gunfire at low indoor Leq, while lower penalties (<5 dB) suffice for high sound exposure.
  • Negative penalties may be relevant for specific impulse sounds (e.g., .50-in. machine gun) at indoor Leq above 45-50 dB(A).

Conclusions:

  • The annoyance penalty for impulse sounds is indeed level-dependent.
  • Previous findings using rating scales are largely confirmed by adjustment and paired comparison methods.
  • Accurate acoustic measures are crucial for predicting the magnitude of the impulse sound penalty, especially for specific high-intensity impulse sources.

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