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Fecal incontinence: mechanisms and management
Magnus Halland1, Nicholas J Talley
1Department of Gastroenterology, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
Current Opinion in Gastroenterology
|November 30, 2011
Summary
Fecal incontinence (FI) management is improving with new insights into modifiable risk factors like diet and smoking. Advances in diagnostics and treatments, including novel therapies, offer better outcomes for patients seeking care.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology and Colorectal Surgery
- Pelvic Floor Disorders
- Quality of Life Research
Background:
- Fecal incontinence (FI) significantly impacts quality of life and incurs substantial societal costs.
- Recent research has identified novel, potentially modifiable risk factors for FI.
- Emerging diagnostic tools provide deeper insights into underlying anorectal disorders.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advancements in the understanding of fecal incontinence.
- To cover new developments in the diagnosis and treatment of FI.
- To highlight the impact of these advancements on patient outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent scientific literature on fecal incontinence.
- Analysis of identified modifiable risk factors.
- Evaluation of novel diagnostic modalities and therapeutic options.
Main Results:
- Identified modifiable risk factors include diarrhea, smoking, and low dietary fiber intake.
- Anatomical and physiological testing of the anorectum has advanced, aiding diagnosis and management.
- Novel pharmacological agents and minimally invasive surgical techniques are improving outcomes in selected patients.
- A magnetic anal sphincter presents a new option for refractory cases.
Conclusions:
- Fecal incontinence remains a significant clinical challenge.
- Improved understanding of risk factors, diagnostics, and treatments is enhancing outcomes for patients who seek medical attention.
- Targeted treatment strategies are crucial for managing FI effectively.
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