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Relational and Item-Specific Encoding (RISE): task development and psychometric characteristics.

John D Ragland¹, Charan Ranganath, Deanna M Barch

¹Department of Psychiatry, Imaging Research Center, University of California at Davis, 4701 X Street, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA. jdragland@ucdavis.edu

Schizophrenia Bulletin

|November 30, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The Relational and Item-Specific Encoding task (RISE) is a reliable tool for assessing episodic memory deficits in schizophrenia. Patients show preserved memory with item-specific encoding and familiarity, but impairments with relational encoding and recollection.

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Area of Science:

Cognitive Neuroscience
Clinical Psychology
Psychiatry

Background:

Episodic memory impairments are a core feature of schizophrenia.
Understanding specific encoding and retrieval deficits is crucial for targeted interventions.
The Relational and Item-Specific Encoding (RISE) task was adapted from functional imaging for clinical research.

Purpose of the Study:

To validate the RISE task as a measure of episodic memory in schizophrenia.
To investigate differential deficits in relational versus item-specific encoding.
To examine impairments in familiarity and recollection during memory retrieval.

Main Methods:

The RISE task manipulates encoding (item-specific vs. relational) and assesses familiarity (F) and recollection (R) using receiver operator characteristics (ROC) and recognition memory.
Two studies evaluated the psychometric properties of the RISE task.
Participants included patients with schizophrenia and control groups.

Main Results:

The RISE task demonstrated good reliability and validity for assessing episodic memory in schizophrenia.
Patients exhibited preserved item-specific encoding and familiarity-based recognition.
Significant deficits were observed in relational encoding and recollection-based retrieval, with familiarity deficits most prominent after relational encoding.

Conclusions:

The RISE task is a well-tolerated, reliable, and valid measure for clinical research in schizophrenia.
Episodic memory in schizophrenia is differentially affected by encoding and retrieval processes.
Findings highlight the importance of item-specific encoding and familiarity for preserved memory function in this population.