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Autonomic nervous system and microcirculation in diabetes.

M Rossi¹, L Ricordi, E Mevio

¹Department of Internal Medicine, Clinica Medica 1, University of Pavia, Italy.

Journal of the Autonomic Nervous System

|July 1, 1990

Summary

Diabetic patients exhibit impaired sympathetic skin microvascular control, evidenced by reduced low-frequency oscillations in forearm skin blood flow. This suggests autonomic dysfunction contributes to microvascular abnormalities in diabetes.

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Area of Science:

Cardiovascular Physiology
Diabetology
Autonomic Neuroscience

Background:

Diabetes mellitus is associated with microvascular complications.
Sympathetic nervous system dysfunction is a known complication of diabetes.
Skin microvascular control is regulated by sympathetic activity.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate sympathetic impairment of skin microvascular control in diabetes.
To evaluate spectral analysis of laser-Doppler flowmetry in diabetic subjects.

Main Methods:

Laser-Doppler flowmetry was used to measure forearm skin microvascular oscillations.
Spectral analysis was performed on low-frequency (around 0.1 Hz) and high-frequency oscillations.
Nine insulin-dependent diabetic subjects and 21 healthy controls were studied.

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Main Results:

Low-frequency oscillations, indicative of sympathetic control, were significantly lower in diabetic subjects compared to controls (P < 0.001).
No significant differences were observed in high-frequency, respiration-related oscillations between groups.
Diabetic subjects showed a selective loss of low-frequency rhythmicity.

Conclusions:

The findings suggest impaired sympathetic control of skin microvasculature in diabetes.
Autonomic abnormality is likely responsible for the observed reduction in low-frequency oscillations.
This study highlights a specific microvascular defect in diabetic autonomic neuropathy.