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Related Experiment Videos

Uraemic autonomic neuropathy.

G Vita1, C Messina, V Savica

  • 1Institute of Neurological and Neurosurgical Sciences, University of Messina, Italy.

Journal of the Autonomic Nervous System
|July 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Uraemic autonomic neuropathy, affecting heart rate regulation, is common in dialysis patients. Diagnosis uses non-invasive cardiovascular tests, but its cause remains unclear.

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Neurology
  • Cardiovascular Physiology

Background:

  • Uraemic autonomic neuropathy presents with vague symptoms.
  • Autonomic dysfunction diagnosis relies on cardiovascular system tests.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize current understanding of uraemic autonomic neuropathy diagnosis and prevalence.
  • To review the impact of renal replacement therapies on autonomic nervous system function.

Main Methods:

  • Non-invasive cardiovascular reflex tests assessing parasympathetic and sympathetic control.
  • Analysis of prevalence data for isolated and combined autonomic dysfunction.

Main Results:

  • Defective heart rate regulation (afferent lesion) is more prevalent than blood pressure control damage.
  • Isolated heart rate dysfunction occurs in 14-34% of haemodialysis patients; combined dysfunction in 18-26%.
  • Conflicting data exists on the effects of haemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and transplantation on autonomic neuropathy.

Conclusions:

  • Uraemic autonomic neuropathy, particularly heart rate regulation defects, is a significant complication in patients with kidney failure.
  • The pathogenesis of uraemic autonomic neuropathy is not fully understood, with several proposed mechanisms.
  • Further research is needed to clarify the influence of renal replacement therapies on autonomic nervous system integrity.

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