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[Ocular toxoplasmosis and AIDS. A case report]
C Garcher1, A Bron, M A Bertrand
1Clinique ophtalmologique, CHU Dijon.
Journal Francais D'Ophtalmologie
|January 1, 1990
Summary
Ocular toxoplasmosis, rare in AIDS, presented with severe vision loss in a young man with cerebral toxoplasmosis. Prompt treatment improved neurological symptoms but not visual acuity, confirming toxoplasmic etiology.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Infectious Diseases
- Neurology
Background:
- Ocular toxoplasmosis is an infrequent manifestation in individuals with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS).
- Cerebral toxoplasmosis is a more common opportunistic infection in AIDS patients.
Observation:
- A 27-year-old male with cerebral toxoplasmosis experienced neurological decline, including coma.
- Following initial treatment with sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine, neurological signs improved.
- A subsequent diagnosis of foveal chorioretinitis with hyalitis in the right eye led to a significant decrease in visual acuity (less than 20/400).
Findings:
- The ocular findings strongly suggested a toxoplasmic etiology, despite initial improvement in cerebral symptoms.
- This case highlights the potential for ocular involvement even when cerebral toxoplasmosis is treated.
Implications:
- Early recognition and specific treatment of ocular toxoplasmosis in AIDS patients are crucial for visual preservation.
- Further review of serology, transmission routes (acquired vs. congenital), and treatment protocols for toxoplasmosis in immunocompromised individuals is warranted.