Computational flow dynamics of the severe m1 stenosis before and after stenting
Dae Chul Suh1, Young Bae Ko, Sung-Tae Park
1Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
Insights
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis is feasible for severe intracranial artery stenosis, even with small vessels. This method reveals changes in wall shear stress, flow velocity, and pressure before and after stenting.
Area of Science:
- Medical Imaging
- Biomedical Engineering
- Computational Fluid Dynamics
Background:
- Intracranial artery stenosis poses significant risks.
- Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has potential for analyzing intracranial hemodynamics.
- High-resolution imaging is often a limitation for CFD in small intracranial arteries.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe a process for applying CFD to symptomatic severe intracranial (M1) stenosis.
- To analyze hemodynamic changes before and after stenting using CFD.
- To assess the feasibility of CFD in small intracranial arteries.
Main Methods:
- 3D angiography was reconstructed and processed for surface smoothing and mesh generation.
- Commercial finite element software (ADINA) was used for computational analysis.
- Wall shear stress (WSS), peak velocity, and pressure were analyzed pre- and post-stenting.
Main Results:
- CFD simulations visualized WSS, flow velocity, and pressure changes in 3D.
- The CFD model correlated well with angiographic findings of stenosis.
- Significant changes in WSS, peak velocity, and pressure were observed post-stenting.
Conclusions:
- CFD analysis is feasible for intracranial stenting, even with limited vessel dimensions.
- CFD effectively demonstrates hemodynamic changes (WSS, velocity, pressure) after stenting.
- The study validates CFD as a tool for evaluating intracranial artery stenosis treatment.
Purpose:
Computational flow dynamic (CFD) study has not been widely applied in intracranial artery stenosis due to requirement of high resolution in identifying the small intracranial artery. We described a process in CFD study applied to symptomatic severe intracranial (M1) stenosis before and after stenting.
Materials And Methods:
Reconstructed 3D angiography in STL format was transferred to Magics (Materialise NV, Leuven, Belgium) for smoothing of vessel surface and trimming of branch vessels and to HyperMesh (Altair Engineering Inc., Auckland, New Zealand) for generating tetra volume mesh from triangular surface-meshed 3D angiogram. Computational analysis of blood flow in the blood vessels was performed using the commercial finite element software ADINA Ver 8.5 (ADINA R & D, Inc., Lebanon, MA). The distribution of wall shear stress (WSS), peak velocity and pressure in a patient was analyzed before and after intracranial stenting.
Results:
Computer simulation of wall shear stress, flow velocity and wall pressure before and after stenting could be demonstrated three dimensionally by video mode according to flow vs. time dimension. Such flow model was well correlated with angiographic finding related to maximum degree of stenosis. Change of WSS, peak velocity and pressure at the severe stenosis was demonstrated before and after stenting. There was no WSS after stenting in case without residual stenosis.
Conclusion:
Our study revealed that CFD analysis before and after intracranial stenting was feasible despite of limited vessel wall dimension and could reveal change of WSS as well as flow velocity and wall pressure.
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