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Lentiviral Vector Platform for the Efficient Delivery of Epigenome-editing Tools into Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Disease Models
Published on: March 29, 2019
Epigenetic regulation of HIV-1 transcription
Manoj Kumar Tripathy1, Wasim Abbas, Georges Herbein
1Department of Virology, University of Franche-Comté, EA4266, IFR133 INSERM, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France.
Abstract:
After entry into the target cell and reverse transcription, HIV-1 genes are integrated into the host genome. It is now well established that the viral promoter activity is directly governed by its chromatin environment. Nuc-1, a nucleosome located immediately downstream of the HIV-1 transcriptional initiation site directly impedes long-terminal repeat (LTR) activity. Epigenetic modifications and disruption of Nuc-1 are a prerequisite to the activation of LTR-driven transcription and viral expression. The compaction of chromatin and its permissiveness for transcription are directly dependent on the post-translational modifications of histones such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation and ubiquitination. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying HIV-1 transcriptional silencing and activation is thus a major challenge in the fight against AIDS and will certainly lead to new therapeutic tools.
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