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Updated: May 27, 2026

Printing Fabrication of Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells and In Situ Morphology Characterization
Published on: January 29, 2017
Effects of additives on the morphology of solution phase aggregates formed by active layer components of
Sylvia J Lou1, Jodi M Szarko, Tao Xu
1Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA.
Abstract:
Processing additives are used in organic photovoltaic systems to optimize the active layer film morphology. However, the actual mechanism is not well understood. Using X-ray scattering techniques, we analyze the effects of an additive diiodooctane (DIO) on the aggregation of a high-efficiency donor polymer PTB7 and an acceptor molecule PC(71)BM under solar cell processing conditions. We conclude that DIO selectively dissolves PC(71)BM aggregates, allowing their intercalation into PTB7 domains, thereby optimizing both the domain size and the PTB7-PC(71)BM interface.
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