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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a long-lasting respiratory condition requiring continuous attention and care. It is a progressive lung disease that leads to breathing challenges due to airflow obstruction. It manifests as persistent respiratory symptoms and restricted airflow resulting from abnormalities in the airways and alveoli, usually due to long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases. COPD mainly consists of two primary conditions: emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

COPD is defined as a heterogeneous lung condition marked by persistent respiratory symptoms such as dyspnea, cough, and sputum production, caused by abnormalities in the airways that cause airflow obstruction.
Smoking is a primary risk factor for COPD, with over 80% of patients having a history of it. Patients typically experience progressive dyspnea or labored breathing, frequent coughing, and recurrent pulmonary infections. Many eventually succumb to respiratory failure, characterized by...
COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features01:20

COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a group of lung conditions that progressively worsen over time, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema. This cluster of diseases collectively leads to a gradual and irreversible decline in lung function over time.
The primary cause for the onset of COPD is cigarette smoking and exposure to air pollution. These hazardous factors initiate a chain reaction within the lungs, resulting in chronic inflammation, damage to the airways, and a...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features

Chronic bronchitis is a key phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airway-centered inflammation and mucus overproduction. It develops from long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases, most commonly cigarette smoke, which triggers a persistent inflammatory response.Cellular and Structural ChangesInflammation initially affects the large bronchi and later the smaller airways, with infiltration by immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease I: Introduction01:23

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease I: Introduction

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a common, preventable, and treatable respiratory disorder characterized by persistent symptoms and progressive airflow limitation. This limitation results from a combination of small-airway disease (obstructive bronchiolitis) and parenchymal destruction (emphysema), both driven by chronic inflammation from exposure to harmful particles or gases.The disease includes two main pathological entities: emphysema, marked by destruction of alveolar walls and...

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Updated: May 27, 2026

Advanced Imaging of Lung Homing Human Lymphocytes in an Experimental In Vivo Model of Allergic Inflammation Based on Light-sheet Microscopy
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Lung CD57+ cell density is increased in very severe COPD.

J Olloquequi1, J García-Valero, E Rodríguez

  • 1Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Spain.

Histology and Histopathology
|December 1, 2011
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Summary

CD57+ cells and neutrophils are significantly increased in severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Higher CD57+ cell density correlates with reduced lung function in COPD patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Immunology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Inflammatory cells with cytolytic/elastolytic activity are implicated in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathogenesis.
  • Limited data exists on CD57+ cell infiltration in the airways and lung parenchyma of COPD patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the infiltration and density of CD57+ cells, neutrophils, macrophages, and mast cells in the small airways and lung parenchyma of COPD patients.
  • To correlate cell densities with disease severity and lung function.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemical analysis of surgical lung specimens from lung cancer patients (non-smokers, smokers without COPD, smokers with moderate COPD) and lung transplant recipients with severe COPD.
  • Quantification of CD57+ cells, neutrophils, macrophages, and mast cells in bronchiolar and parenchymal tissues.

Main Results:

  • Very severe COPD patients exhibited significantly higher densities of CD57+ cells in small airway connective tissue and neutrophils in the epithelium compared to other groups.
  • Neutrophil density was also significantly higher in the parenchyma of very severe COPD patients.
  • Bronchiolar CD57+ cell density correlated negatively with FEV1, and parenchymal neutrophil density correlated positively with emphysema severity in COPD groups.

Conclusions:

  • CD57+ cells are significantly infiltrated in the small airways of very severe COPD patients.
  • Increased CD57+ cells and neutrophils in severe COPD suggest their involvement in disease pathogenesis, particularly in advanced stages.
  • Findings highlight potential roles for CD57+ cells in COPD progression and lung function decline.