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Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
Modeling in Therapy01:26

Modeling in Therapy

Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in situations...

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Related Experiment Video

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A Semantic Priming Event-related Potential (ERP) Task to Study Lexico-semantic and Visuo-semantic Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Event-based prospective memory performance in autism spectrum disorder.

Mareike Altgassen1, Maren Schmitz-Hübsch, Matthias Kliegel

  • 1Department of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany, altgassen@psychologie.tu-dresden.de.

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Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) showed no differences in event-based prospective memory tasks compared to neurotypical controls. However, performance in lab tasks correlated with real-world planning abilities.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Prospective memory (PM) is crucial for daily functioning.
  • Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often face challenges in executive functions, including planning.
  • Understanding PM in ASD is vital for developing targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine event-based prospective memory (EBPM) performance in children and adolescents with ASD.
  • To investigate the relationship between laboratory-based EBPM and everyday planning abilities in ASD.
  • To compare EBPM performance between individuals with ASD and neurotypical controls.

Main Methods:

  • A laboratory-based EBPM task embedded within a visuo-spatial working memory test.
  • Inclusion of 19 children/adolescents with ASD and 19 matched neurotypical controls.
  • Assessment of everyday planning using proxy ratings from parents.

Main Results:

  • No significant group differences were found in event-based prospective memory performance.
  • Parents rated the everyday planning performance of children with ASD as significantly poorer than controls.
  • A significant correlation was observed between individual laboratory-based EBPM performance and everyday performance.

Conclusions:

  • Event-based prospective memory may not be a primary deficit in individuals with ASD.
  • The relationship between objective lab measures and subjective real-world performance is significant.
  • Findings suggest potential for interventions targeting the link between EBPM and daily functioning in ASD.