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Related Concept Videos

Anatomical Positions01:11

Anatomical Positions

In anatomy, several standard anatomical positions are used as references for describing the position and orientation of different body parts. These positions help provide a common frame of reference when discussing anatomical structures. The anatomical position is the standard reference point for describing the body's position and orientation. In this position:
The body is upright, facing forward, and standing erect.
The feet are parallel and flat on the floor.
The arms are hanging by the...
Veins of the Abdomen and Pelvis01:18

Veins of the Abdomen and Pelvis

The human body is a complex system of interconnected parts, and the circulatory system plays a crucial role in maintaining overall health. One key component of this system is the inferior vena cava, a large vein responsible for returning blood from the abdominopelvic viscera and abdominal walls to the heart.
The inferior vena cava is fed by numerous smaller veins. The lumbar veins, for instance, drain the posterior abdominal wall, emptying both directly into the inferior vena cava and into the...
Veins of Thorax01:19

Veins of Thorax

The azygos system is a crucial part of the body's circulatory system and drains most of the thorax. It comprises the azygos, hemiazygos, and accessory hemiazygos veins.
The azygos vein, positioned just right of the midline and anterior to the vertebral column, begins at the junction of the right ascending lumbar and subcostal veins, terminating in the superior vena cava. This vein drains blood from the right side of the thoracic wall, thoracic viscera, and posterior abdominal wall.
The...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 27, 2026

Cox-Maze IV Procedure Concomitant with Valvular Surgery In Situs Inversus Dextrocardia: A Single-Center Experience in China
08:42

Cox-Maze IV Procedure Concomitant with Valvular Surgery In Situs Inversus Dextrocardia: A Single-Center Experience in China

Published on: February 11, 2022

Situs inversus totalis.

Paul J Shogan1, Les Folio

  • 1National Capital Consortium, Department of Radiology, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC 20307, USA.

Military Medicine
|December 2, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Situs inversus totalis is a rare condition where organs are mirrored. This case highlights how imaging, including sonography, can diagnose this congenital anomaly in infants with complex heart defects.

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Cox-Maze IV Procedure Concomitant with Valvular Surgery In Situs Inversus Dextrocardia: A Single-Center Experience in China
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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Congenital Anomalies

Background:

  • Situs inversus totalis is a rare congenital condition characterized by the complete transposition of thoracic and abdominal organs.
  • Infants with complex congenital heart disease may have associated visceroatrial abnormalities.
  • Early diagnosis is crucial for appropriate management and surgical planning.

Observation:

  • A 22-month-old infant presented with cyanosis, double-inlet left ventricle, and severe pulmonary stenosis.
  • Radiographs of the chest and abdomen were obtained for initial assessment.
  • Abdominal sonography was utilized to delineate splenic tissue and the relationships of the inferior vena cava and abdominal aorta.

Findings:

  • Radiographic and sonographic findings were consistent with situs inversus totalis.
  • Sonography effectively clarified the visceral arrangement, confirming the mirrored positioning of organs.
  • The study demonstrates the diagnostic utility of sonography in identifying situs inversus totalis.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering situs inversus totalis in infants with complex congenital heart disease.
  • Sonography serves as a valuable, non-invasive tool for diagnosing situs inversus totalis and associated anomalies.
  • Accurate identification of situs inversus totalis impacts surgical strategies and patient outcomes.