Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis01:30

Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis

Protein synthesis is indispensable for viral replication, as viruses lack the cellular machinery required for this process and must hijack the host's translational apparatus. In response, host cells deploy a critical innate immune defense involving interferons, specialized cytokines that play a central role in inhibiting viral propagation.Upon viral detection, infected cells release interferons that bind to receptors on adjacent uninfected cells, activating the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and...
siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Distinct roles of the JADE and BRPF scaffolding subunits of the acetyltransferase HBO1 complex.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Gene regulatory mechanisms underlying sex- and age-dependent pathophysiology of MASLD.

Clinical science (London, England : 1979)·2026
Same author

Establishment of sex-specific liver transcriptomes and H3K9me3 profiles during sexual maturity: the impact of maternal obesity.

Biology of sex differences·2025
Same author

Sex- and age-associated factors drive the pathophysiology of MASLD.

Hepatology communications·2024
Same author

Insights from a high-fat diet fed mouse model with a humanized liver.

PloS one·2022
Same author

Role of non-coding RNAs on liver metabolism and NAFLD pathogenesis.

Human molecular genetics·2022

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 27, 2026

Genome-wide Analysis of HDAC Inhibitor-mediated Modulation of microRNAs and mRNAs in B Cells Induced to Undergo Class-switch DNA Recombination and Plasma Cell Differentiation
11:06

Genome-wide Analysis of HDAC Inhibitor-mediated Modulation of microRNAs and mRNAs in B Cells Induced to Undergo Class-switch DNA Recombination and Plasma Cell Differentiation

Published on: September 20, 2017

shRNA-induced interferon-stimulated gene analysis.

Núria Morral1, Scott R Witting

  • 1Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, and Center for Diabetes Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA. nmorralc@iupui.edu

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|December 2, 2011
PubMed
Summary

RNA interference (RNAi) is a powerful gene silencing tool. However, innate immune responses can hinder RNAi therapies, necessitating careful design and testing for safe and effective treatments.

More Related Videos

High-throughput Quantitative Real-time RT-PCR Assay for Determining Expression Profiles of Types I and III Interferon Subtypes
10:00

High-throughput Quantitative Real-time RT-PCR Assay for Determining Expression Profiles of Types I and III Interferon Subtypes

Published on: March 24, 2015

Development and Validation of an Ultrasensitive Single Molecule Array Digital Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay for Human Interferon-α
08:26

Development and Validation of an Ultrasensitive Single Molecule Array Digital Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay for Human Interferon-α

Published on: June 14, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 27, 2026

Genome-wide Analysis of HDAC Inhibitor-mediated Modulation of microRNAs and mRNAs in B Cells Induced to Undergo Class-switch DNA Recombination and Plasma Cell Differentiation
11:06

Genome-wide Analysis of HDAC Inhibitor-mediated Modulation of microRNAs and mRNAs in B Cells Induced to Undergo Class-switch DNA Recombination and Plasma Cell Differentiation

Published on: September 20, 2017

High-throughput Quantitative Real-time RT-PCR Assay for Determining Expression Profiles of Types I and III Interferon Subtypes
10:00

High-throughput Quantitative Real-time RT-PCR Assay for Determining Expression Profiles of Types I and III Interferon Subtypes

Published on: March 24, 2015

Development and Validation of an Ultrasensitive Single Molecule Array Digital Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay for Human Interferon-α
08:26

Development and Validation of an Ultrasensitive Single Molecule Array Digital Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay for Human Interferon-α

Published on: June 14, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology
  • Therapeutics

Background:

  • RNA interference (RNAi) is a key mechanism for gene silencing, crucial for gene function studies and therapeutic development.
  • Small interfering RNA (siRNA) and short-hairpin RNA (shRNA) are promising for treating various human diseases.
  • A significant challenge for RNAi therapies is the activation of innate immune responses, which can compromise safety and efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanisms underlying RNA-induced innate immune activation.
  • To identify factors influencing the immune response to RNAi molecules.
  • To guide the development of safer and more effective RNAi-based therapeutics.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of dose- and sequence-dependent induction of innate immunity.
  • Evaluation of the influence of target tissue and delivery vehicles on immune response.
  • Molecular investigation of the mechanisms mediating RNAi-induced immune activation.

Main Results:

  • Innate immune activation by RNAi is dependent on dose, sequence, target tissue, and delivery vehicle.
  • Understanding these molecular mechanisms aids in designing improved RNAi molecules.
  • Appropriate testing for immune responses is crucial before concluding on RNAi treatment outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • RNAi holds immense potential for gene silencing but faces challenges due to innate immune activation.
  • Further research into immune response mechanisms is vital for optimizing RNAi therapy design.
  • Thorough testing for immune responses is essential for the successful clinical application of RNAi treatments.