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Updated: May 27, 2026

Localization of Odorant Receptor Genes in Locust Antennae by RNA In Situ Hybridization
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Microarray-based transcriptomic analysis of differences between long-term gregarious and solitarious desert locusts.

Liesbeth Badisco1, Swidbert R Ott, Stephen M Rogers

  • 1Department of Animal Physiology and Neurobiology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.

Plos One
|December 2, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Desert locusts (Schistocerca gregaria) exhibit phenotypic plasticity, switching between solitary and gregarious phases. Molecular analysis reveals distinct gene expression in their central nervous systems, explaining phase-specific adaptations.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular biology
  • Neuroscience
  • Entomology
  • Phenotypic plasticity

Background:

  • Desert locusts (Schistocerca gregaria) display extreme phenotypic plasticity, transitioning between solitary and gregarious phases.
  • These phases differ significantly in behavior, morphology, and physiology, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood.
  • Understanding these molecular differences is crucial for comprehending locust phase polyphenism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular basis of phenotypic plasticity in desert locusts by comparing gene expression in the central nervous system (CNS).
  • To identify differentially expressed genes between the solitarious and gregarious phases of adult desert locusts.
  • To correlate gene expression patterns with phase-specific adaptations and challenges.

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Last Updated: May 27, 2026

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Main Methods:

  • Utilized a custom-designed oligonucleotide microarray based on a previously generated Expressed Sequence Tag (EST) database from the S. gregaria CNS.
  • Compared gene expression profiles in the CNS of long-term gregarious and solitarious adult desert locusts.
  • Analyzed 214 differentially expressed genes, with 40% annotated to known protein functions.

Main Results:

  • Identified 214 differentially expressed genes in the CNS between gregarious and solitarious locusts.
  • Gregarious locusts showed upregulation of genes related to heat shock proteins, infection resistance, sensory perception, and CNS development/plasticity.
  • Solitarious locusts exhibited upregulation of genes involved in anti-oxidant systems, detoxification, and anabolic renewal, suggesting enhanced protection against aging.

Conclusions:

  • Altered gene expression in the CNS underlies the adaptive strategies of desert locusts in different phases.
  • Gregarious locusts possess molecular mechanisms for acute physiological challenges and complex sensory environments.
  • Solitarious locusts show enhanced molecular protection against aging, consistent with their longer lifespan.