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Related Concept Videos

Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment01:17

Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment

Renal dysfunction significantly impairs the renal clearance of drugs, leading to potential complications in drug therapy. Renal failure, which can be caused by various factors, poses a significant challenge in the elimination of drugs from the body.
One condition associated with renal failure is uremia. Uremia is characterized by impaired glomerular filtration and fluid accumulation in the body. This condition hinders the renal clearance of drugs, resulting in drug accumulation and potential...
Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Serum Creatinine Concentration01:28

Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Serum Creatinine Concentration

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can be estimated from serum creatinine using the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula or the chronic kidney disease–epidemiology collaboration (CKD–EPI) equation. Both methods are widely used in clinical practice to assess kidney function and guide treatment decisions.The MDRD equation does not require weight or height measurements and is normalized to the body surface area of 1.73 m², considered the average adult surface area. This equation is...
Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Dose Adjustments Based on Drug Clearance and Elimination Rate Constant01:25

Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Dose Adjustments Based on Drug Clearance and Elimination Rate Constant

In patients with renal disease, dosage adjustments are necessary to maintain therapeutic plasma drug concentrations and prevent toxicity or subtherapeutic exposure. Renal impairment alters drug pharmacokinetics, especially in conditions like uremia, where changes such as prolonged elimination half-life and altered apparent volume of distribution can significantly affect drug disposition. These changes require careful modification of the dosing regimen to achieve the desired clinical...
Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Measurement of Glomerular Filtration Rate01:25

Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Measurement of Glomerular Filtration Rate

The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a critical indicator of kidney health, reflecting how well the kidneys filter blood. Changes in GFR can signal potential kidney impairment, necessitating accurate measurement methods to monitor kidney function effectively.Various molecules can serve as markers for GFR measurement, with the ideal marker meeting several specific criteria. It must freely filter at the glomerulus, avoid reabsorption or secretion by the renal tubules, remain unmetabolized, not...
Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments01:11

Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments

In patients with renal impairment, drugs undergo significant changes in their pharmacokinetics, which require dosage adjustments to ensure safe and effective therapy.
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Measurement of Serum Creatinine Concentration and Clearance01:25

Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Measurement of Serum Creatinine Concentration and Clearance

In healthy individuals, serum creatinine levels remain stable due to a balance between its constant production—primarily from muscle metabolism—and renal excretion. Creatinine is freely filtered by the glomeruli, making it a valuable marker for estimating renal function. When the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decreases, the kidneys can only eliminate less creatinine, causing serum levels to rise.Serum creatinine concentration is widely used to estimate creatinine clearance (Clcr), a...

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A Syngeneic Mouse Model of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma for Quantitative and Longitudinal Assessment of Preclinical Therapies
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[How to evaluate renal function in cancer patients].

Vincent Launay-Vacher1, Sarah Zimner-Rapuch, Olivier Moranne

  • 1Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, service ICAR, service de néphrologie, Paris, France.

Bulletin Du Cancer
|December 3, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Estimating renal function in cancer patients is crucial for treatment. The abbreviated MDRD formula offers a reliable and practical method for assessing glomerular filtration rate, aiding in dose adjustments.

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Accurate renal function evaluation is vital for cancer patient management.
  • Gold-standard methods for measuring glomerular filtration rate (GFR) are complex and patient-restrictive.
  • Existing GFR estimation formulas vary in reliability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the necessity of reliable renal function assessment in oncology.
  • To introduce the abbreviated MDRD (aMDRD) formula as a recommended tool.
  • To emphasize the importance of accurate GFR estimation for treatment adjustments.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on renal function assessment in cancer patients.
  • Discussion of limitations of gold-standard GFR measurement techniques (e.g., inulin, 51Cr-EDTA).
  • Evaluation of calculation-based GFR estimation formulas.

Main Results:

  • Traditional GFR measurements present significant practical and organizational challenges.
  • The abbreviated MDRD (aMDRD) formula is identified as a reliable estimation tool.
  • Accurate GFR estimation is essential for appropriate cancer treatment and drug dosing.

Conclusions:

  • The abbreviated MDRD (aMDRD) formula is the recommended approach for estimating renal function in oncology.
  • This method facilitates necessary treatment adjustments and dose optimization.
  • Utilizing aMDRD improves patient care by providing a practical and reliable GFR assessment.