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Related Concept Videos

Spermatogenesis01:41

Spermatogenesis

Spermatogenesis is the process by which haploid sperm cells are produced in the male testes. It starts with stem cells located close to the outer rim of seminiferous tubules. These spermatogonial stem cells divide asymmetrically to give rise to additional stem cells (meaning that these structures “self-renew”), as well as sperm progenitors, called spermatocytes. Importantly, this method of asymmetric mitotic division maintains a population of spermatogonial stem cells in the male reproductive...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 27, 2026

Flow Cytometric Analysis of Biomarkers for Detecting Human Sperm Functional Defects
08:48

Flow Cytometric Analysis of Biomarkers for Detecting Human Sperm Functional Defects

Published on: April 21, 2022

Computerized cell-scanning system for evaluating human spermatogenesis in non-obstructive azoospermic patients.

Deborah Strassburger1, Alisa Komsky-Elbaz, Malka Reichart

  • 1Infertility and IVF Unit, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin 703000, Israel. embriology@asaf.health.gov.il

Reproductive Biomedicine Online
|December 3, 2011
PubMed
Summary

A new assay improves sperm detection in non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) patients undergoing testicular sperm extraction (TESE). This method accurately identifies testicular cells, aiding in predicting spermatogenesis success and guiding further TESE procedures.

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Medium-throughput Screening Assays for Assessment of Effects on Ca2+-Signaling and Acrosome Reaction in Human Sperm

Published on: March 1, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Genetics
  • Urology

Background:

  • Accurate assessment of sperm presence and pathological disturbances in non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) is challenging.
  • Testicular histopathological evaluation may not always correlate with testicular sperm extraction (TESE) outcomes.
  • Developing reliable methods to identify testicular cells is crucial for NOA patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate an assay for maximal sampling and accurate identification of testicular cells from NOA patients undergoing TESE.
  • To simultaneously analyze testicular cell morphology and chromosome content.
  • To enhance the assessment of pathological disturbances and predict TESE success.

Main Methods:

  • A novel assay was developed for testicular cell analysis in NOA patients and fertile controls.
  • Cells underwent automated staining, scanning for morphology, and fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) for chromosomes X, Y, and 18.
  • Automated classification of cells by ploidy, calculation of haploid cell ratios, and bivalent rates for autosomal (18) and sex chromosomes.

Main Results:

  • The assay successfully predicted spermatogenesis in seven of eight Sertoli-cell-only syndrome patients.
  • Significant differences in haploid/diploid cell ratios were observed between NOA patients (9.6:90.4) and controls (67.6:32.2).
  • NOA patients showed increased detection of two distinct signals for chromosome 18 in secondary spermatocytes compared to controls.

Conclusions:

  • The developed computerized cell-scanning system integrates morphology and chromosome analysis for comprehensive testicular cell assessment.
  • This approach improves the evaluation of pathological disturbances in NOA.
  • The system aids in estimating the likelihood of success for repeat TESE procedures.