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Metabolic abnormalities and viral replication are associated with biomarkers of vascular dysfunction in HIV-infected

T I Miller1, W Borkowsky, L A DiMeglio

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Clinical Research, Miller School of Medicine at the University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.

HIV Medicine
|December 6, 2011
PubMed

Insights

HIV-infected children show increased vascular dysfunction biomarkers compared to uninfected children. Unfavorable lipid profiles and active HIV replication are key risk factors for this heightened vascular dysfunction.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric cardiovascular health
  • HIV/AIDS research
  • Vascular biology

Background:

  • Children with HIV may face premature cardiovascular disease.
  • Understanding vascular dysfunction in pediatric HIV is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare vascular dysfunction biomarkers in HIV-infected children versus HIV-exposed, uninfected (HEU) children.
  • To identify factors associated with vascular dysfunction in HIV-infected children.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective cohort study of 226 HIV-infected and 140 HEU children.
  • Measured biomarkers of inflammation, coagulant, endothelial, and metabolic dysfunction.
  • Collected data on anthropometry, body composition, lipids, glucose, insulin, HIV severity, and antiretroviral therapy.

Main Results:

  • HIV-infected children exhibited higher levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), fibrinogen, soluble intracellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM), and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM).
  • Higher levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen were linked to lower BMI z-scores in HIV-infected children.
  • Unfavorable lipid profiles and increased HIV viral load were associated with elevated inflammatory and endothelial dysfunction markers.

Conclusions:

  • HIV-infected children demonstrate elevated biomarkers of vascular dysfunction compared to HEU children.
  • Key risk factors include unfavorable lipid profiles and active HIV replication, highlighting the need for cardiovascular monitoring.
Abstract

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