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Updated: May 27, 2026

Diagnosing Pulmonary Tuberculosis with the Xpert MTB/RIF Test
Published on: April 9, 2012
Global isoniazid resistance patterns in rifampin-resistant and rifampin-susceptible tuberculosis
S E Smith1, E V Kurbatova, J S Cavanaugh
1Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, International Research and Programs Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.
Abstract:
Following the World Health Organization's endorsement of the Xpert® MTB/RIF assay, which rapidly and simultaneously diagnoses tuberculosis (TB) and detects resistance to rifampin (RMP), the question arises to what extent RMP resistance is an adequate marker for multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB). A retrospective analysis of data from >81 countries and subnational settings demonstrated that >40% of RMP-resistant isolates from new TB cases did not display resistance to isoniazid (INH) in settings with relatively low MDR-TB prevalence (one third of all countries and subnational settings). Results indicated the need for INH susceptibility testing in addition to RMP susceptibility testing.
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