Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder01:15

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is a sleep disorder characterized by the absence of muscle paralysis that normally occurs during the REM phase of sleep. This absence allows individuals to physically act out their dreams, which are often vivid and disturbing. Common behaviors exhibited during episodes include kicking, punching, and yelling. These actions can be dangerous, potentially leading to injuries for the person with RBD or their bed partner.
RBD is significantly associated with...
Anxiety: Overview01:18

Anxiety: Overview

Anxiety is a common mental disorder featuring excessive worry, fear, and apprehension, significantly affecting daily life. People with anxiety disorders experience persistent and intense anxiety, interrupting their everyday functioning.
Individuals with anxiety often experience a range of physical and emotional symptoms, including sweating, trembling, tachycardia, and disturbances in sleep patterns. These symptoms vary in intensity and frequency but are generally disruptive and distressing.
Optimal Arousal Theory01:23

Optimal Arousal Theory

The optimal arousal theory suggests that performance is maximized when an individual experiences a moderate level of arousal. This theory is closely tied to the Yerkes-Dodson law, which illustrates an inverted U-shaped relationship between arousal and performance. The law, formulated by psychologists Robert Yerkes and John Dodson, implies an ideal arousal level for optimal performance, and deviations from this level can lead to declines in effectiveness.
Inverted U-Shaped Performance Curve
The...
Adrenal Gland Disorders01:27

Adrenal Gland Disorders

Adrenal gland disorders manifest when the production of adrenal hormones deviates from the norm, resulting in either excessive or insufficient concentrations.
Adrenal insufficiency, characterized by insufficient cortisol and aldosterone production, leads to conditions like Addison's disease. This disorder, affecting the adrenal cortex, exhibits symptoms such as skin bronzing, dehydration, low blood pressure, fatigue, and weight loss. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, a genetic ailment causing...
Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System01:18

Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is an intricate network of nerves that controls functions such as the regulation of heart rate, digestion, and blood pressure regulation. When this system malfunctions, it can lead to various disorders that affect multiple bodily functions. One common feature of many autonomic disorders is the involvement of smooth blood vessels, which play a crucial role in regulating blood flow throughout the body.
Raynaud's disease, also known as Raynaud's phenomenon, is a...
Panic Disorder01:27

Panic Disorder

Panic disorder is an anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent and sudden minutes-long episodes of intense fear, known as panic attacks. These attacks may feel like heart attacks and often happen without warning or a specific cause. They can include symptoms such as rapid heart rate, shortness of breath, chest pain, trembling, sweating, dizziness, and a sense of helplessness. During a panic attack, individuals may feel as though they are experiencing a heart attack or are in a...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Diagnostic yield and copy number variants findings in 219 adult patients with developmental and epileptic encephalopathy.

Epilepsia·2026
Same author

Expanding the electroclinical spectrum of TANC2-related disorders: Lennox-Gastaut syndrome and related developmental epileptic phenotypes.

Epilepsia open·2026
Same author

Modulation and subcortical sleep signatures in Parkinson's disease under chronic STN-DBS using synchronized sensing and videopolysomnography.

NPJ Parkinson's disease·2026
Same author

Adjunctive Fenfluramine in Adults with Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome: Effectiveness and Tolerability in Real-World Clinical Practice.

CNS drugs·2026
Same author

On-site exposure to clinical epilepsy practice for experimental scientists engaged in epilepsy research: A pilot study by the ILAE commission on neurobiology.

Epilepsia open·2026
Same author

Clinical markers of disease progression in the prodromal to overt alpha-synucleinopathy continuum.

Brain : a journal of neurology·2026
Same journal

Impact of chronic REM sleep deprivation on glucose homeostasis, insulin sensitivity, oxidative stress, and histological changes in adult male Wistar rats.

Sleep medicine·2026
Same journal

Anthropometric indices with high sensitivity for moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep Apnea: A sex-stratified diagnostic accuracy study based on the ESADA cohort.

Sleep medicine·2026
Same journal

Restless legs syndrome determines whether periodic limb movements are associated with altered lipid profiles in sleep-disordered breathing.

Sleep medicine·2026
Same journal

Dream and nightmare alterations in patients presenting with suicidal crisis: A prospective study in psychiatric emergency department.

Sleep medicine·2026
Same journal

Clinical and sleep profile of children with specific learning disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, or both: a retrospective multicenter study.

Sleep medicine·2026
Same journal

Dim light melatonin onset profile endotypes in a real-world clinical population with home-based, self-collected salivary assessments: Identification, distribution, and potential clinical relevance.

Sleep medicine·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 27, 2026

Use of a Psychophysiological Script-driven Imagery Experiment to Study Trauma-related Dissociation in Borderline Personality Disorder
09:55

Use of a Psychophysiological Script-driven Imagery Experiment to Study Trauma-related Dissociation in Borderline Personality Disorder

Published on: March 8, 2018

Arousal disorders.

Federica Provini1, Paolo Tinuper, Francesca Bisulli

  • 1IRCCS, Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. federica.provini@unibo.it

Sleep Medicine
|December 6, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Arousal Disorders (AD) are NREM sleep behaviors like sleepwalking, often seen in childhood. Differentiating AD from conditions like nocturnal seizures is key, with home videos aiding diagnosis.

More Related Videos

Biomarkers in an Animal Model for Revealing Neural, Hematologic, and Behavioral Correlates of PTSD
08:29

Biomarkers in an Animal Model for Revealing Neural, Hematologic, and Behavioral Correlates of PTSD

Published on: October 10, 2012

A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice
06:23

A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice

Published on: September 22, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 27, 2026

Use of a Psychophysiological Script-driven Imagery Experiment to Study Trauma-related Dissociation in Borderline Personality Disorder
09:55

Use of a Psychophysiological Script-driven Imagery Experiment to Study Trauma-related Dissociation in Borderline Personality Disorder

Published on: March 8, 2018

Biomarkers in an Animal Model for Revealing Neural, Hematologic, and Behavioral Correlates of PTSD
08:29

Biomarkers in an Animal Model for Revealing Neural, Hematologic, and Behavioral Correlates of PTSD

Published on: October 10, 2012

A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice
06:23

A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice

Published on: September 22, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Arousal Disorders (AD) are complex motor behaviors originating during NREM sleep.
  • Manifestations range from confusional arousal to sleepwalking, typically appearing in childhood and resolving before adolescence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clarify the diagnostic approach for Arousal Disorders.
  • To differentiate AD from other conditions, such as nocturnal frontal lobe seizures.
  • To highlight the utility of various diagnostic tools.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentations of Arousal Disorders.
  • Emphasis on differential diagnosis, particularly with nocturnal frontal lobe seizures.
  • Discussion of diagnostic methods including history-taking, clinical observation, and video recordings.

Main Results:

  • Arousal Disorders present a spectrum of NREM sleep-related motor events.
  • Nocturnal frontal lobe seizures require careful differentiation from AD.
  • Clinical history is often sufficient, but direct observation of episodes is crucial.

Conclusions:

  • Home video recordings can be valuable for capturing real-life episodes of Arousal Disorders.
  • While sleep laboratory polysomnography is not always required, it can aid in complex cases.
  • Accurate diagnosis relies on distinguishing AD motor events from other paroxysmal nocturnal events.