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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 27, 2026

Technique of Conjunctival Biopsy and Direct Immunofluorescence for Diagnosing Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid

Technique of Conjunctival Biopsy and Direct Immunofluorescence for Diagnosing Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid

Published on: June 17, 2025

Pemphigoid gestationis.

Jasna Lipozenčić¹, Suzana Ljubojevic, Zrinka Bukvić-Mokos

¹Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Croatia. jasna.lipozencic@zg.htnet.hr

Clinics in Dermatology

|December 6, 2011

Summary

Pemphigoid gestationis is a rare pregnancy-related autoimmune skin condition causing itchy blisters. Diagnosis involves skin biopsy and immunofluorescence, with corticosteroids as the main treatment.

Area of Science:

Dermatology
Immunology
Obstetrics

Background:

Pemphigoid gestationis is a rare autoimmune subepidermal bullous dermatosis.
It occurs during pregnancy and postpartum, characterized by severe pruritus and bullous skin lesions.

Purpose of the Study:

To summarize the diagnostic criteria and management of pemphigoid gestationis.
To outline the prognosis for mother and child.

Main Methods:

Diagnosis relies on routine histologic examination showing subepidermal vesicles.
Confirmation involves positive cutaneous immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy.
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for pemphigoid gestationis antibody (BP180) is available.

Main Results:

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Histology reveals subepidermal vesicles and linear complement deposition at the basement membrane zone.
Immunofluorescence shows linear deposition of C3, with or without IgG, at the basement membrane zone.
Systemic corticosteroid therapy is the mainstay treatment if local treatments fail.

Conclusions:

Pemphigoid gestationis has a generally good prognosis for mother and child.
Risks include preterm delivery and fetal growth restriction.
Recurrence is possible in subsequent pregnancies; maternal morbidity/mortality is not significant.