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Related Concept Videos

Binge Eating Disorders01:23

Binge Eating Disorders

Binge eating disorder is a significant mental health condition characterized by recurrent episodes of excessive food consumption within a short period, accompanied by a perceived loss of control over eating behavior. Unlike occasional overeating, binge eating disorder is marked by distressing emotions such as guilt, shame, and anxiety following binge episodes. The disorder affects individuals across different ages and backgrounds, with profound implications for physical and psychological...
Bulimia Nervosa01:30

Bulimia Nervosa

Bulimia nervosa is a complex and severe eating disorder characterized by a cyclical pattern of binge-and-purge eating pattern. It generally involves an episode of binge eating, followed by compensatory behaviors such as vomiting, excessive exercise, laxative use, or fasting, to prevent weight gain. Despite often maintaining a normal weight, individuals with bulimia are intensely preoccupied with their body image and harbor an overwhelming fear of gaining weight. This can contribute to the...
Regulation of Food Intake01:30

Regulation of Food Intake

Short-term regulation of food intake primarily involves neural signals from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, blood nutrient levels, and GI tract hormones. Communication between the gut and brain via vagal nerve fibers plays a significant role in evaluating the contents of the gut. Clinical studies have shown that protein ingestion produces a more prolonged response in these nerve fibers compared to an equivalent amount of glucose. Additionally, the activation of stretch receptors caused by GI...
Cause and Effect01:53

Cause and Effect

While variables are sometimes correlated because one does cause the other, it could also be that some other factor, a confounding variable, is actually causing the systematic movement in our variables of interest. For instance, as sales in ice cream increase, so does the overall rate of crime. Is it possible that indulging in your favorite flavor of ice cream could send you on a crime spree? Or, after committing crime do you think you might decide to treat yourself to a cone?
Predator-Prey Interactions02:39

Predator-Prey Interactions

Predators consume prey for energy. Predators that acquire prey and prey that avoid predation both increase their chances of survival and reproduction (i.e., fitness). Routine predator-prey interactions elicit mutual adaptations that improve predator offenses, such as claws, teeth, and speed, as well as prey defenses, including crypsis, aposematism, and mimicry. Thus, predator-prey interactions resemble an evolutionary arms race.
Motivational Cycle01:20

Motivational Cycle

The motivational cycle is a key concept that explains how individuals are motivated to meet their needs. At its core, the cycle revolves around four distinct stages: need, drive, goal-directed behavior, and goal achievement. These stages respond to imbalances in the body or mind, prompting actions that restore balance.
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Errors as a Means of Reducing Impulsive Food Choice
07:07

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Published on: June 5, 2016

How does the business cycle affect eating habits?

Dhaval M Dave1, Inas Rashad Kelly

  • 1Bentley University, Department of Economics, 175 Forest St., Waltham, MA 02452, USA.

Social Science & Medicine (1982)
|December 6, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Economic downturns negatively impact health. Rising unemployment correlates with decreased fruit and vegetable intake and increased consumption of unhealthy foods like snacks and fast food.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Health Economics
  • Nutritional Epidemiology

Background:

  • Economic expansions influence employment and wages, potentially affecting individual health through income and time constraints.
  • Understanding the link between economic conditions and dietary behaviors is crucial for public health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between state unemployment rates and the consumption of healthy and unhealthy foods in the United States.
  • To identify heterogeneous effects across different socioeconomic groups and explore mediating factors.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the US Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (1990-2009).
  • Employed fixed effects methodologies to analyze the relationship between unemployment rates and food consumption patterns.

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  • Conducted sample stratifications to examine effects on high-risk groups for unemployment.

    • Main Results:

    • Higher state unemployment rates are linked to reduced consumption of fruits and vegetables.
    • Increased consumption of unhealthy foods, including snacks and fast food, is associated with higher unemployment rates.
    • Individuals at higher risk of unemployment showed a 3-6% decrease in fruit and vegetable intake with a one percentage point rise in unemployment.

    Conclusions:

    • Unemployment significantly impacts dietary choices, leading to poorer nutrition.
    • Reduced family income and adverse mental health are key pathways explaining the observed dietary shifts during economic downturns.
    • Targeted interventions may be necessary for vulnerable populations during economic fluctuations.