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Protein requirements in the elderly.

Dorothee Volkert1, Cornel Christian Sieber

  • 1Institute for Biomedicine of Aging, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany. dorothee.volkert@aging.med.uni-erlangen.de

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research. Internationale Zeitschrift Fur Vitamin- Und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal International De Vitaminologie Et De Nutrition
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Elderly individuals may need more than 0.8g/kg/day of protein for nitrogen balance, especially if energy intake is insufficient. Ensuring adequate protein and physical activity is crucial for preserving health in older adults.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Elderly individuals face higher risks of illness and malnutrition.
  • Current protein recommendations (0.8 g/kg/day) are the same as for younger adults.
  • Conflicting nitrogen balance study results exist for the elderly.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the adequacy of current protein intake recommendations for the elderly.
  • To explore optimal protein intake for preserving lean body mass and function in older adults.
  • To address the protein needs of frail and unhealthy elderly populations.

Main Methods:

  • Review of nitrogen balance studies in elderly subjects.
  • Analysis of existing research on protein intake and health outcomes in older adults.
  • Consideration of factors influencing protein requirements, such as energy supply and physical activity.

Main Results:

  • Some elderly individuals may not achieve nitrogen balance with 0.8 g/kg/day protein, particularly with inadequate energy intake.
  • Optimal protein intake for preserving lean body mass and overall health in the elderly is not yet well-defined.
  • Limited research exists on the specific protein needs of frail and unhealthy elderly populations.

Conclusions:

  • A protein intake of at least 0.8 g/kg/day is recommended for all elderly, especially those at risk of malnutrition.
  • Adequate energy intake and physical activity are essential for muscle protein anabolism and overall health in older adults.
  • Further long-term research with defined health outcomes is needed to establish optimal protein recommendations for the elderly.