Postural tachycardia syndrome--current experience and concepts.

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Neurology
• Autonomic Dysfunction

Background:

• Postural tachycardia syndrome (PoTS) is a significant cause of orthostatic intolerance.
• It stems from cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction and is distinct from autonomic failure syndromes.
• PoTS predominantly affects young females (15-40 years) and presents with symptoms like palpitations and dizziness upon standing.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the characteristics and neuroepidemiology of PoTS.
• To explore potential pathophysiological mechanisms underlying PoTS.
• To outline current and investigational treatment strategies for PoTS.

Main Methods:

• This is a review article, synthesizing existing literature.
• It examines clinical characteristics, patient demographics, and triggers.
• Pathophysiological mechanisms and treatment options are discussed based on current research.

Main Results:

• PoTS symptoms (palpitations, dizziness, syncope) are triggered by standing and relieved by recumbency.
• Common exacerbating factors include exertion, food, and heat.
• Onset can be linked to infection, trauma, surgery, or stress, and it's associated with joint hypermobility syndrome.

Conclusions:

• PoTS is a distinct syndrome of orthostatic intolerance with specific triggers and patient demographics.
• Understanding its neuroepidemiology and pathophysiology is crucial for effective management.
• Further research into investigational treatments is warranted.