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Related Concept Videos

Cognitivism01:17

Cognitivism

Cognitive psychology emerged as a significant field in the mid-20th century. It focused on understanding humans' internal mental processes. This approach emphasizes how people perceive, remember, think, and solve problems—elements critical to human cognition.
Previously dominated by behaviorism, which prioritized observable behaviors and largely ignored mental processes, psychology transformed in the 1950s. Cognitive psychologists argue that understanding how we think and process information is...
Introduction to Cognitive Psychology01:20

Introduction to Cognitive Psychology

Cognitive psychology is the field of psychology dedicated to examining how people think. It attempts to explain how and why we think the way we do by studying the interactions among human thinking, emotion, creativity, language, and problem-solving, as well as other cognitive processes. Cognitive psychology studies how information is processed and manipulated in remembering, thinking, and knowing.
This field emerged in the mid-20th century, following a period dominated by behaviorism, which...
Cognitive Learning01:21

Cognitive Learning

Cognitive learning is based on purposive behavior, incidental learning, and insight learning.
E. C. Tolman's theory of purposive behavior emphasizes that much behavior is goal-directed. He argued that to understand behavior, we must look at the entire sequence of actions leading to a goal. For instance, high school students study hard, not just due to past reinforcement but also to achieve the goal of getting into a good college.
Tolman introduced the idea that behavior is influenced by...
Naturalistic Observations02:30

Naturalistic Observations

If you want to understand how behavior occurs, one of the best ways to gain information is to simply observe the behavior in its natural context. However, people might change their behavior in unexpected ways if they know they are being observed. How do researchers obtain accurate information when people tend to hide their natural behavior? As an example, imagine that your professor asks everyone in your class to raise their hand if they always wash their hands after using the restroom. Chances...
Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition01:24

Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition

A revisionist approach to Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development has brought new insights that challenge and reinterpret his established ideas. Piaget proposed that the formal operational stage, emerging in adolescence, represents the culmination of cognitive maturity. During this stage, individuals are said to develop abstract thinking, engage in systematic problem-solving, and show a form of egocentrism, believing others are as preoccupied with their behavior as they are themselves.
The Nativist Approach01:21

The Nativist Approach

The nativist approach to infant cognitive development proposes that infants are born with inherent knowledge structures that allow them to interpret the world almost immediately. This perspective contrasts with earlier developmental theories, such as those proposed by Jean Piaget, which emphasized a more gradual acquisition of cognitive abilities through interaction with the environment. One key concept in this approach is object permanence — the understanding that objects continue to exist...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2026

Assessment of Social Cognition in Non-human Primates Using a Network of Computerized Automated Learning Device (ALDM) Test Systems
08:42

Assessment of Social Cognition in Non-human Primates Using a Network of Computerized Automated Learning Device (ALDM) Test Systems

Published on: May 5, 2015

Methodological challenges in the study of primate cognition.

Michael Tomasello1, Josep Call

  • 1Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany. tomas@eva.mpg.de

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|December 7, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Creating primate cognition data banks can improve research by allowing data sharing. This helps overcome challenges in comparing captive and wild populations for reliable scientific conclusions.

Area of Science:

  • Primate cognition research
  • Comparative psychology

Background:

  • Laboratory studies of primate cognition struggle with non-comparable captive populations and uncertain generalizations to wild populations.
  • Field studies of primate cognition face challenges with expensive, difficult replications and non-comparable populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a solution for enhancing the reliability and comparability of primate cognition research.
  • To address limitations in both laboratory and field-based primate cognition studies.

Main Methods:

  • Recommending the establishment of centralized data banks for primary data and videotapes.
  • Suggesting data deposition as a potential publication requirement.

Main Results:

  • Data banks would facilitate cross-examination of findings across different studies.

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Targeted Microinjection and Electroporation of Primate Cerebral Organoids for Genetic Modification

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Last Updated: May 26, 2026

Assessment of Social Cognition in Non-human Primates Using a Network of Computerized Automated Learning Device (ALDM) Test Systems
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09:09

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Published on: July 16, 2009

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Targeted Microinjection and Electroporation of Primate Cerebral Organoids for Genetic Modification

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  • Replication of primate cognition research would become more feasible and standardized.
  • Pooling of data across investigators would enable more robust conclusions.

    • Conclusions:

    • Data banks are essential for improving the rigor and generalizability of primate cognition research.
    • Standardized data sharing is crucial for advancing the field of primate cognition.