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Low-concentration mechanical biosensor based on a photonic crystal nanowire array.

Yuerui Lu1, Songming Peng, Dan Luo

  • 1School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA. yl676@cornell.edu

Nature Communications
|December 8, 2011
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel nanomechanical DNA sensor with ordered vertical nanowire arrays, achieving ultra-low concentration detection for early disease diagnosis. The sensor utilizes a high surface area-to-volume ratio and mass resolution for sensitive biomolecule identification.

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Biosensing
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Nanomechanical biosensors offer promise for medical diagnostics, particularly for early disease detection.
  • Achieving low-concentration biomolecule detection requires resonators with a sufficient surface area for molecule binding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a highly sensitive nanomechanical biosensor for detecting biomolecules at low concentrations.
  • To present a novel resonator design enhancing surface area and mass resolution for improved biosensing capabilities.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a novel nanomechanical resonator with ordered vertical nanowire arrays on a Si/SiO(2) bilayer thin membrane.
  • Utilizing the enhanced total surface area-to-volume ratio (10^8 m^-1) and high mass-per-area resolution (1.8×10^-12 kg m^-2).
  • Leveraging the photonic crystal properties of the nanowire array for broad-band opto-thermo-mechanical actuation and sensing.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a DNA sensor with a sensitivity of 500 aM (attomolar).
  • Achieved a strongly enhanced total surface area-to-volume ratio of 10^8 m^-1.
  • Exhibited state-of-the-art mass-per-area resolution of 1.8×10^-12 kg m^-2.

Conclusions:

  • The developed nanomechanical resonator with vertical nanowire arrays enables highly sensitive, low-concentration biomolecule detection.
  • The photonic crystal properties facilitate efficient remote actuation and on-chip biosensing.
  • This mass-based platform technology is suitable for early-stage disease diagnostics.