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Updated: May 26, 2026

Bringing the Visible Universe into Focus with Robo-AO
Published on: February 12, 2013
A complex multi-notch astronomical filter to suppress the bright infrared sky
J Bland-Hawthorn1, S C Ellis, S G Leon-Saval
1Sydney Institute for Astronomy, School of Physics, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales 2006, Australia. jbh@physics.usyd.edu.au
Abstract:
A long-standing and profound problem in astronomy is the difficulty in obtaining deep near-infrared observations due to the extreme brightness and variability of the night sky at these wavelengths. A solution to this problem is crucial if we are to obtain the deepest possible observations of the early Universe, as redshifted starlight from distant galaxies appears at these wavelengths. The atmospheric emission between 1,000 and 1,800 nm arises almost entirely from a forest of extremely bright, very narrow hydroxyl emission lines that varies on timescales of minutes. The astronomical community has long envisaged the prospect of selectively removing these lines, while retaining high throughput between them. Here we demonstrate such a filter for the first time, presenting results from the first on-sky tests. Its use on current 8 m telescopes and future 30 m telescopes will open up many new research avenues in the years to come.
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