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A Periprosthetic Joint Candida albicans Infection Model in Mouse
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Infected tumor prostheses.

Andreas F Mavrogenis1, Panayiotis J Papagelopoulos, Luis Coll-Mesa

  • 1University of Bologna, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.

Orthopedics
|December 8, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Tumor prosthesis infections are a significant concern, often caused by Staphylococci and presenting as low organism burden infections within two years. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial, with revision surgery frequently required.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Tumor prosthesis infections pose a significant challenge due to extensive surgery, patient immunosuppression, and the development of bacterial biofilms.
  • Infections typically manifest within two years post-surgery, with a majority occurring within the first year.
  • Staphylococci are the predominant pathogens, followed by other bacteria like streptococci and Enterobacteriaceae.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the challenges and current understanding of tumor prosthesis infections.
  • To highlight diagnostic difficulties and treatment strategies.
  • To discuss future directions in prevention and management.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on tumor prosthesis infections.

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  • Analysis of common pathogens and infection timelines.
  • Discussion of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

    • Main Results:

    • Infections are often low organism burden, characterized by bacterial biofilms.
    • Staphylococci account for about 50% of infections; polymicrobial infections occur in 25% of cases.
    • Diagnosis can be challenging due to nonspecific symptoms and tests.

    Conclusions:

    • Effective management of tumor prosthesis infections requires early diagnosis and often necessitates staged revision surgery.
    • Prevention strategies and advancements in diagnostics and biofilm-resistant materials are critical for future improvements.
    • Understanding pathogen prevalence and biofilm formation is key to combating these infections.