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Updated: May 26, 2026

Trophoblast Cell Recovery from Angiogenesis-Tube Formation Assay for Differentiation Marker Expression Analysis
Published on: November 8, 2024
Placental origins of angiogenic dysfunction in mirror syndrome
Kristin Bixel1, Michelle Silasi, Carolyn M Zelop
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Unlabelled:
BACKGROUNDL: Mirror syndrome is characterized by preeclampsia-like syndrome in pregnancies complicated by fetal hydrops. We describe a case of mirror syndrome associated with angiogenic dysfunction in maternal plasma and the placenta.
Case:
A pregnant patient with known fetal hydrops presented at 22 weeks gestation with features of severe preeclampsia. Measurements of plasma anti- and proangiogenic factors were consistent with a profound antiangiogenic state. Immunohistochemistry of the placenta for antiangiogenic proteins showed a pattern similar to that seen in patients with severe preeclampsia.
Conclusion:
Angiogenic imbalance may also be responsible for the preeclampsia-like condition seen in mirror syndrome.
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