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Related Concept Videos

Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Mutations01:35

Mutations

Mutations are changes in the sequence of DNA. These changes can occur spontaneously or they can be induced by exposure to environmental factors. Mutations can be characterized in a number of different ways: whether and how they alter the amino acid sequence of the protein, whether they occur over a small or large area of DNA, and whether they occur in somatic cells or germline cells.
Chromosomal Alterations Are Large-Scale Mutations
While point mutations are changes in a single nucleotide in...
Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer01:03

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer

Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand  RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer01:03

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer

Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand  RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
Biological Effects of Radiation02:59

Biological Effects of Radiation

All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they produce ions...
Radiation: Applications01:17

Radiation: Applications

The average temperature of Earth is the subject of much current discussion. Earth is in radiative contact with both the Sun and dark space; it receives almost all its energy from the radiation of the Sun and reflects some of it into outer space. Dark space is very cold, about 3 K, so Earth radiates energy into it. For instance, heat transfer occurs from soil and grasses, the rate of which can be so rapid that frost can occur on clear summer evenings, even in warm latitudes.
The average...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2026

Targeted and Selective Treatment of Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Teratomas Using External Beam Radiation in a Small-animal Model
05:08

Targeted and Selective Treatment of Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Teratomas Using External Beam Radiation in a Small-animal Model

Published on: February 17, 2019

Radiation-induced sarcomas.

Andreas F Mavrogenis1, Andrea Angelini, Elisa Pala

  • 1Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, University of Bologna, Italy.

Journal of Long-Term Effects of Medical Implants
|December 14, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Radiation-induced sarcomas are rare cancers developing years after radiation therapy. Treatment focuses on surgical removal, as other therapies offer limited survival benefits, and the overall prognosis remains poor.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 26, 2026

Targeted and Selective Treatment of Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Teratomas Using External Beam Radiation in a Small-animal Model
05:08

Targeted and Selective Treatment of Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Teratomas Using External Beam Radiation in a Small-animal Model

Published on: February 17, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Radiation Oncology
  • Surgical Oncology

Background:

  • Radiation-induced sarcomas are rare, aggressive tumors.
  • These arise within prior radiation fields, typically 3-55 years post-treatment.
  • Common types include osteosarcomas, fibrosarcomas, and malignant fibrous histiocytomas.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the characteristics and management of radiation-induced sarcomas.
  • To highlight current treatment recommendations and prognostic factors.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on radiation-induced sarcomas.
  • Analysis of latency periods, radiation doses, and common histological subtypes.
  • Evaluation of treatment outcomes and survival data.

Main Results:

  • Latency periods average 3-55 years post-radiation therapy (45-60 Gy).
  • Surgical resection with negative margins or amputation offers improved survival.
  • Adjuvant therapies (radiation, chemotherapy) show limited impact on survival rates.

Conclusions:

  • Radiation-induced sarcomas necessitate aggressive surgical management.
  • Prognosis for these rare sarcomas is generally poor despite treatment efforts.