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Updated: May 26, 2026
A Modified Method for Intrathecal Catheterization in Rats
Published on: February 14, 2025
Management of intrathecal catheter-tip inflammatory masses: an updated 2007 consensus statement from an expert panel
Timothy Deer1, Elliot S Krames, Samuel Hassenbusch
1Charleston, WV; San Francisco, CA; Houston, TX; Houston, TX; Huntington, WV; Bellevue, WA; Winston Salem, NC; Baltimore, MD; Napa, CA; Wilmington, DE; Chicago, IL; Columbus, OH; Cleveland, OH; Tampa, FL; Los Angeles, CA; Winston Salem, NC; Elkings Park, PA; Hattiesburg, MS; Colts Neck, NJ; Cleveland, OH; Scottsdale, AZ; Huntsville, AL; Lexington, KY; Iowa City, IA; Rochester, NY; Nieuwegein, The Netherlands; Boston, MA; La Jolla, CA; Switzerland; Australia; and Brugge, Belgium.
Abstract:
Background. Expert panel of physicians and nonphysicians, all expert in intrathecal (IT) therapies, convened in the years 2000 and 2003 to make recommendations for the rational use of IT analgesics based on the preclinical and clinical literature known up to those times, presentations of the expert panel, discussions on current practice and standards, and the result of surveys of physicians using IT agents. An expert panel of physicians and convened in 2007 to review previous recommendations and to form recommendations for the rational use of IT agents as they pertain to new scientific and clinical information regarding the etiology, prevention and treatment for IT granuloma. Method. A review of preclinical and clinical literature from 2000 to 2006 was undertaken and disseminated to an expert panel of physicians. Focused discussions concerning the rational use of IT agents and its relationship to the etiology of, prevention of, and treatment of IT granuloma were held. Results. This report presents here new knowledge of the etiology of catheter tip granuloma and guidelines for its prevention and treatment.
