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Related Concept Videos

Lipid-Lowering Drugs: Statins and Miscellaneous Agents01:20

Lipid-Lowering Drugs: Statins and Miscellaneous Agents

Hyperlipidemia, a medical condition often referred to as high cholesterol, is characterized by abnormally elevated levels of lipids in the bloodstream. When present in excess, these lipids, specifically cholesterol and triglycerides, can lead to serious health complications, often involving cardiovascular diseases. Illnesses like atherosclerosis, heart attacks, and pancreatitis have all been linked to untreated hyperlipidemia. This means controlling and regulating cholesterol and triglyceride...
Cholesterol: Significance and Regulation01:29

Cholesterol: Significance and Regulation

Although not a source of energy, cholesterol plays a significant role as a foundational structure for bile salts, steroid hormones, and vitamin D, as well as being a crucial component of plasma membranes. Approximately 15% of blood cholesterol is derived from our diet, with the remainder synthesized from acetyl CoA by the liver and intestines. Cholesterol is eliminated from the body through its conversion into bile salts, which are eventually discarded in the feces.
Considering cholesterol and...
Lipid Absorption01:24

Lipid Absorption

Dietary triglycerides from chyme in the duodenum are mixed with bile salts produced by the liver to emulsify fats. As a result, large droplets are broken down into smaller ones, increasing the surface area for enzymatic action. Once emulsified, pancreatic lipases hydrolyze the triglycerides into free fatty acids and monoglycerides.
These breakdown products bind with bile salts and lecithin to form micelles, which quickly pass between microvilli to come in close contact with the apical...
Atherosclerosis III: Management01:26

Atherosclerosis III: Management

Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
Lipid Digestion01:06

Lipid Digestion

Lipids are large molecules that are generally not water-soluble. Since most of the digestive enzymes in the human body are water-based, there are specific steps the body must take to break down lipids and make them available for use.
Lipid-derived Compounds in the Human Body01:31

Lipid-derived Compounds in the Human Body

Fats and lipids are crucial components in the human body. Some lipid-derived compounds, such as fat-soluble vitamins, eicosanoids, lipoproteins, and glycolipids, also play unique roles to support various  biological processes .
Fat-soluble Vitamins
Fat-soluble vitamins, including vitamins A, D, E, and K, are required in minimal quantities, but their deficiencies can lead to severely abnormal physiological conditions. For example, vitamin A deficiency can cause night blindness, dry skin, delayed...

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Bioactive lipids in plasma and atherogenic apoB-containing lipoproteins: Effects of statins and PCSK9 inhibitors and relevance to residual cardiovascular risk.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2026

Differential Effects of Lipid-lowering Drugs in Modulating Morphology of Cholesterol Particles
09:15

Differential Effects of Lipid-lowering Drugs in Modulating Morphology of Cholesterol Particles

Published on: November 10, 2017

Pitavastatin: novel effects on lipid parameters.

M John Chapman1

  • 1Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR-S939, Pavillon Benjamin Delessert, Hôpital de la Pitié, 83 Blud l'Hôpital, 75651 Paris Cedex 13, France. john.chapman@upmc.fr

Atherosclerosis. Supplements
|December 14, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Pitavastatin effectively improves lipid profiles, including triglycerides and HDL-cholesterol, and is well-tolerated. It offers a broad spectrum of action on atherogenic lipoproteins, potentially benefiting high-risk patients.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 26, 2026

Differential Effects of Lipid-lowering Drugs in Modulating Morphology of Cholesterol Particles
09:15

Differential Effects of Lipid-lowering Drugs in Modulating Morphology of Cholesterol Particles

Published on: November 10, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pharmacology
  • Metabolic Diseases

Background:

  • Atherogenic dyslipidemia involves high triglycerides, low HDL-cholesterol, and elevated LDL-cholesterol, increasing cardiovascular risk.
  • Statins effectively lower LDL-cholesterol but optimal treatment should address all atherogenic features.
  • Pitavastatin is a statin with a distinct pharmacological profile targeting both apoB and apoA1 lipoprotein components.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of pitavastatin in managing atherogenic dyslipidemia.
  • To compare pitavastatin's effects on lipid profiles with other statins.
  • To investigate pitavastatin's impact on HDL-cholesterol and apoA1 metabolism.

Main Methods:

  • Phase III and IV clinical trials involving Japanese and Caucasian populations with primary hypercholesterolemia or combined dyslipidemia.
  • 12-week and 52-week treatment periods with pitavastatin (1-4 mg) and comparisons with atorvastatin, simvastatin, and pravastatin.
  • In vitro studies assessing pitavastatin's effect on apoA1 production and cellular cholesterol efflux.

Main Results:

  • Pitavastatin (1-4 mg) was well-tolerated, significantly improving lipid profiles (LDL-C, TG, HDL-C).
  • It achieved LDL-C target attainment rates similar to or greater than other statins.
  • Pitavastatin demonstrated progressive and sustained increases in HDL-C (up to 14.3%) and potent stimulation of apoA1 production.

Conclusions:

  • Pitavastatin is a well-tolerated statin that effectively attenuates the atherogenic lipid profile and increases LDL-C target attainment.
  • Its unique ability to increase HDL-C and stimulate apoA1 production may offer particular benefits for high-risk patients.
  • Pitavastatin shows potential in managing residual cardiometabolic risk in patients with metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and other complex conditions.