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Related Experiment Video

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The Motivation for Alcohol Reward: Predictors of Progressive-Ratio Intravenous Alcohol Self-Administration in Humans

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Published on: April 28, 2022

Predicting persistent alcohol problems: a prospective analysis from the Great Smoky Mountain Study.

W E Copeland¹, A Angold, L Shanahan

¹Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA. William.Copeland@duke.edu

Psychological Medicine

|December 14, 2011

Summary

Alcohol abuse symptoms in adolescence, not dependence, predict persistent alcohol problems into the mid-20s. Identifying these risk factors can aid early intervention for alcohol use disorders.

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Area of Science:

Psychiatry
Addiction Medicine
Developmental Psychology

Background:

Alcohol use disorders are common in late adolescence but typically decline by the mid-20s.
Understanding factors predicting persistent alcohol problems is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify risk factors predicting the persistence of alcohol use disorders from late adolescence into the mid-20s.

Main Methods:

Prospective, population-based Great Smoky Mountains Study (GSMS) data from 1420 participants.
Defined 'alcohol persisters' as individuals with an alcohol use disorder at ages 19/21 and mid-20s.
Analyzed risk factors associated with persistent alcohol disorder status.

Main Results:

Prevalence of alcohol use disorders significantly decreased from late adolescence to mid-20s.
One-third of adolescents with alcohol use disorders met criteria in young adulthood.
Risk factors for persistence included multiple alcohol abuse symptoms (not dependence), craving, drinking to unconsciousness, depression, cannabis, and illicit substance use.

Conclusions:

Symptoms of alcohol abuse, rather than dependence, are key predictors of long-term alcohol problems.
Identified risk factors can serve as a screening tool for early, targeted prevention of alcohol use disorders.