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Test-retest variability underlying fMRI measurements.

M Raemaekers1, S du Plessis, N F Ramsey

  • 1Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands. m.raemaekers-2@umcutrecht.nl

Neuroimage
|December 14, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Functional MRI (fMRI) reliability is impacted by changes in Blood Oxygen Level Dependent (BOLD) activation patterns and amplitude between sessions. These variations, particularly in spatial patterns, are often small-scale and global, requiring careful interpretation of fMRI results.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)

Background:

  • High test-retest reliability is crucial for functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) research.
  • This study investigates the limits of fMRI reliability by estimating variability in the true underlying Blood Oxygen Level Dependent (BOLD) signal.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the inherent variability of the BOLD signal in fMRI.
  • To differentiate between spatial pattern changes and amplitude changes in BOLD activation across sessions.
  • To understand the implications for fMRI reliability and interpretation.

Main Methods:

  • A test-retest design with a one-week interval between scans.
  • Subjects performed visual and motor inhibition tasks.

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  • Analysis separated between-session differences in spatial activation patterns and global amplitude changes.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant changes in the spatial pattern of BOLD activation were observed for both tasks (approx. 16% of total activation).
    • Variability in spatial patterns was reduced after smoothing, indicating small-scale changes.
    • Mean between-session amplitude differences were 13.8% (visual task) and 23.4% (motor inhibition task).

    Conclusions:

    • Between-session changes in BOLD spatial patterns are consistently present, potentially due to partial voluming or spatial distortions.
    • No systematic differences in spatial pattern reliability were found across brain areas.
    • Observed amplitude variability suggests global effects, necessitating caution when interpreting fMRI activation magnitudes.