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Type D personality, self-efficacy, and medication adherence following an acute coronary syndrome

Gerard J Molloy1, Gemma Randall, Anna Wikman

  • 1Division of Psychology, School of Natural Sciences, Cottrell Bldg, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland. g.j.molloy@stir.ac.uk

Psychosomatic Medicine
|December 14, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Negative affectivity, a component of Type D personality, is linked to poorer medication adherence in heart disease patients, potentially mediated by lower self-efficacy. This highlights the importance of addressing negative emotions for better treatment outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Psychology
  • Health Behavior

Background:

  • Coronary heart disease (CHD) patients often struggle with medication adherence.
  • Type D personality, characterized by negative affectivity and social inhibition, is prevalent in CHD populations.
  • Self-efficacy plays a crucial role in managing chronic illnesses like CHD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between Type D personality, self-efficacy, and medication adherence in CHD patients.
  • To determine if self-efficacy mediates the association between Type D personality traits and medication adherence.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective observational study of 165 patients hospitalized for acute coronary syndrome.
  • Assessment of Type D personality, self-efficacy, and medication adherence at 3 weeks post-hospitalization.
  • Follow-up medication adherence measurement at 6 months using self-report; statistical analyses included multiple linear regression and mediation analysis.

Main Results:

  • 30% of patients exhibited Type D personality.
  • Type D personality was associated with significantly poorer medication adherence at 6 months.
  • Negative affectivity, a component of Type D personality, was independently associated with poorer adherence, partly mediated by lower self-efficacy.

Conclusions:

  • Negative affectivity, rather than the full Type D construct, appears more critical in predicting medication adherence in CHD.
  • Lower self-efficacy may explain the link between higher negative affectivity and reduced medication adherence.
  • Interventions targeting negative affectivity and enhancing self-efficacy could improve medication adherence in CHD patients.
Abstract

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