An assessment of workplace programmes designed to control inhalation risks using respiratory protective equipment

Area of Science:

• Occupational Health and Safety
• Industrial Hygiene
• Human Factors Engineering

Background:

• Organizational-level assessment of respiratory protective equipment (RPE) failures is understudied.
• Existing evidence suggests potential gaps in RPE program compliance and effectiveness.
• Understanding current RPE program structures across various industries is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate current RPE programs within different industrial settings.
• To compare existing RPE practices against established benchmarks of good practice.
• To identify areas for improvement in RPE program implementation.

Main Methods:

• Conducted 20 site visits across diverse industries with established RPE programs.
• Utilized management interviews to understand RPE systems, procedures, and decision-making.
• Included direct observation of RPE use by operatives, followed by interviews.
• Employed joint assessments by RPE scientists and psychologists to rate six critical program aspects.
• Assessed theoretical competence (management knowledge) and practical control (shop-floor practice).
• Performed qualitative analysis on all collected interview data.

Main Results:

• RPE program performance demonstrated significant variation across industries.
• Less than half of the companies achieved acceptable theoretical competence and practical control.
• Four distinct groups emerged: Learners, Developers, Fortuitous, and Proficient.
• No companies achieved optimal control through RPE; common deficiencies noted in training, supervision, and maintenance.
• Widespread inadequacies in program implementation were observed.

Conclusions:

• A novel taxonomy categorizing RPE programs into Learners, Developers, Fortuitous, and Proficient effectively explains performance variations.
• This expert-informed tool aids in understanding the nuances of RPE program effectiveness.
• Further research is needed, but the taxonomy provides a foundation for developing practical improvement tools for managers.
• Emphasis on enhancing training, supervision, and maintenance is critical for improving RPE programs.