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Related Concept Videos

Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS01:21

Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS

Pharmacological therapies for IBS-C are designed to alleviate abdominal discomfort and enhance bowel function. In patients with IBS-C, fiber supplements may help soften stools and decrease straining, but may also lead to increased gas production and bloating. Osmotic laxatives like milk of magnesia are frequently used to soften stools and increase stool frequency in IBS-C patients. In addition, two drugs approved for use in severe IBS-C adult cases are linaclotide (Linzess) and lubiprostone...
Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS01:17

Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS

Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a subtype of IBS characterized primarily by frequent, loose, or watery stools, abdominal pain, and abdominal discomfort. Therapeutic approaches to managing IBS-D include dietary changes, stress management techniques, and pharmaceutical interventions.
Two specific drugs used in the treatment are alosetron (Lotronex) and eluxadoline (Viberzi). Alosetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist, works by slowing the movement of stools in the gut, reducing bowel...
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Serotonin Receptor Agonists01:23

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Serotonin Receptor Agonists

Serotonin, a crucial neurotransmitter synthesized by enterochromaffin cells, plays a cardinal role in regulating gastrointestinal (GI) motility. With over 90% of the body's total serotonin in the GI tract, its influence on digestive processes is profound. Serotonin is swiftly released upon various stimuli, such as food boluses or certain drugs, triggering intrinsic sensory neurons in the myenteric plexus and extrinsic vagal and spinal sensory neurons. This leads to the activation of the...
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Other Laxatives01:20

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Other Laxatives

Laxatives are primarily used to alleviate constipation, a common gastrointestinal disorder characterized by infrequent bowel movements and difficulty passing stools. They work by various mechanisms to increase the volume or frequency of bowel movements. The primary modes of action of laxatives include increasing stool bulk, softening the stool, stimulating intestinal motility, and osmotically drawing water into the intestines.
Osmotic or saline laxatives, like magnesium hydroxide or milk of...
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Bulk-Forming and Stimulant Laxatives01:22

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Bulk-Forming and Stimulant Laxatives

Laxatives enhance bowel movements and alleviate constipation. They augment the stool's bulk, stimulate intestinal muscle contractions, draw water into the intestines, or soften the stool. There are five key types of laxatives: bulk laxatives, stimulant laxatives, osmotic laxatives, stool softeners, and lubricant laxatives.
Bulk-forming laxatives, such as psyllium, methylcellulose, and polycarbophil, absorb water in the intestine, increasing stool bulk and promoting bowel movement. This makes...
Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy01:26

Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy

Sigmoidoscopy and laparoscopy are distinct medical procedures that enable physicians to internally inspect different parts of the GI tract. Although they serve different purposes, each is essential for diagnosing and, in some cases, treating various medical conditions.
Sigmoidoscopy
Sigmoidoscopy is a diagnostic procedure that uses a flexible sigmoidoscope equipped with a light source and camera to examine the rectum and sigmoid colon. The procedure involves inserting the tube through the anus...

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Related Experiment Videos

Medium-term outcome of sacral nerve modulation for constipation.

Bastiaan Govaert1, Yasuko Maeda, Job Alberga

  • 1Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands. b.govaert@mumc.nl

Diseases of the Colon and Rectum
|December 14, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Sacral nerve modulation improves constipation scores, but long-term use is limited. Younger patients showed better success rates in the initial phase of this neuromodulation therapy.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Neurology
  • Urology

Background:

  • Sacral nerve modulation (SNM) is a minimally invasive treatment for refractory constipation.
  • Conservative treatments often fail for chronic constipation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the medium-term efficacy and sustainability of SNM for constipation.
  • To identify predictors of successful SNM treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of prospectively collected data from two European centers.
  • Included patients with refractory constipation failing conservative management.
  • Assessed outcomes using the Wexner constipation score after percutaneous nerve evaluation and device implantation.

Main Results:

  • 58% of 117 patients had successful percutaneous nerve evaluation and proceeded to SNM implantation.
  • Wexner scores significantly improved from baseline (17.0) to post-evaluation (10.2).
  • Younger age was the sole predictor of successful percutaneous nerve evaluation; 52% of patients continued SNM at latest follow-up (median 37 months).

Conclusions:

  • SNM can improve constipation scores in the medium term.
  • Sustainability of SNM is a concern, with over 40% discontinuing treatment.
  • Further research is needed to optimize SNM efficacy and long-term patient adherence.