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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2026

Live Cell Imaging during Mechanical Stretch

Live Cell Imaging during Mechanical Stretch

Published on: August 19, 2015

Stress and strain within the lung.

Luciano Gattinoni¹, Eleonora Carlesso, Pietro Caironi

¹Dipartimento di Anestesiologia, Terapia Intensiva e Scienze Dermatologiche, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy. gattinon@policlinico.mi.it

Current Opinion in Critical Care

|December 14, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Lung stress and strain are critical for mechanical ventilation. Current measures are insufficient, as lung inhomogeneity and stress raisers significantly impact patient outcomes.

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Area of Science:

Pulmonary Physiology
Mechanical Ventilation
Critical Care Medicine

Background:

Lung stress and strain are key concepts in understanding lung mechanics during mechanical ventilation.
Plateau pressure and tidal volume/ideal body weight are commonly used but may not accurately reflect true lung stress and strain.
Variability in chest wall elastance and resting lung volume can influence stress and strain levels.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the physiological significance of lung stress and strain.
To explore the clinical applications of these concepts in mechanical ventilation.
To identify limitations of current surrogates for lung stress and strain.

Main Methods:

Review of physiological principles governing lung stress and strain.
Analysis of clinical data and literature regarding mechanical ventilation parameters.
Discussion of factors influencing stress and strain distribution within the lung.

Main Results:

End-inspiratory stress (transpulmonary pressure) and strain (lung volume change) are not adequately represented by plateau pressure or tidal volume/ideal body weight.
Lung stress and strain can vary significantly due to differences in chest wall mechanics and lung volumes.
Injurious levels in healthy lungs are rarely reached, suggesting localized "stress raisers" due to inhomogeneous stress and strain distribution.

Conclusions:

End-inspiratory stress and strain are crucial factors in mechanical ventilation.
Lung inhomogeneity and localized stress concentrations must be considered.
Optimizing mechanical ventilation requires accounting for these complex physiological parameters.