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Related Concept Videos

Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity01:25

Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity

Mutagenicity and carcinogenicity refer to the ability of drugs to cause genetic defects and induce cancer, respectively. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classifies agents into four groups based on their carcinogenic potential. Group 1 agents are known human carcinogens; group 2A agents are probably carcinogenic to humans; group 3 agents lack data to support their role in carcinogenesis; and group 4 includes agents for which data support that they are not likely to be...
Pharmacogenetics of Drug Targets: β₂-Adrenergic Receptors, Apo E, Thymidylate Synthase01:11

Pharmacogenetics of Drug Targets: β₂-Adrenergic Receptors, Apo E, Thymidylate Synthase

Genetic polymorphisms in drug targets have emerged as critical determinants of interindividual variability in drug response and toxicity. Pharmacogenomic investigations increasingly focus on identifying these variations to personalize and optimize therapeutic interventions. A drug target may be a receptor, enzyme, or signaling protein involved in pharmacologic responses or disease-related pathways. While early pharmacogenetic studies focused primarily on drug metabolism, current research...
Cancer Survival Analysis01:21

Cancer Survival Analysis

Cancer survival analysis focuses on quantifying and interpreting the time from a key starting point, such as diagnosis or the initiation of treatment, to a specific endpoint, such as remission or death. This analysis provides critical insights into treatment effectiveness and factors that influence patient outcomes, helping to shape clinical decisions and guide prognostic evaluations. A cornerstone of oncology research, survival analysis tackles the challenges of skewed, non-normally...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2026

Identifying the Effects of BRCA1 Mutations on Homologous Recombination using Cells that Express Endogenous Wild-type BRCA1
08:53

Identifying the Effects of BRCA1 Mutations on Homologous Recombination using Cells that Express Endogenous Wild-type BRCA1

Published on: February 17, 2011

BRCA mutation testing in determining breast cancer therapy.

Karen Lisa Smith1, Claudine Isaacs

  • 1Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Washington Cancer Institute, Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA.

Cancer Journal (Sudbury, Mass.)
|December 14, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

BRCA mutation carriers with breast cancer have unique risks and treatment sensitivities. Genetic testing informs surgical and systemic therapy decisions for improved management of BRCA-related breast cancer.

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gDNA Enrichment by a Transposase-based Technology for NGS Analysis of the Whole Sequence of BRCA1, BRCA2, and 9 Genes Involved in DNA Damage Repair

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Last Updated: May 26, 2026

Identifying the Effects of BRCA1 Mutations on Homologous Recombination using Cells that Express Endogenous Wild-type BRCA1
08:53

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Published on: February 17, 2011

Functional Assessment of BRCA1 variants using CRISPR-Mediated Base Editors
09:22

Functional Assessment of BRCA1 variants using CRISPR-Mediated Base Editors

Published on: February 28, 2021

gDNA Enrichment by a Transposase-based Technology for NGS Analysis of the Whole Sequence of BRCA1, BRCA2, and 9 Genes Involved in DNA Damage Repair
08:15

gDNA Enrichment by a Transposase-based Technology for NGS Analysis of the Whole Sequence of BRCA1, BRCA2, and 9 Genes Involved in DNA Damage Repair

Published on: October 6, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genetics
  • Surgical Oncology

Background:

  • BRCA mutation-associated breast cancer presents distinct risks and therapeutic sensitivities compared to sporadic forms.
  • Advances in genetic testing allow for timely BRCA mutation status determination at diagnosis.
  • This information is crucial for tailoring treatment and prevention strategies in BRCA mutation carriers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review surgical management options for BRCA mutation carriers diagnosed with breast cancer.
  • To discuss the implications of BRCA mutation status on future cancer risks, including ipsilateral recurrence and contralateral breast cancer.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of various systemic therapies in BRCA-associated breast cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Review of surgical interventions such as breast-conserving surgery, prophylactic mastectomy, and oophorectomy.
  • Analysis of recurrence and contralateral cancer risks in BRCA mutation carriers.
  • Assessment of treatment sensitivity to endocrine therapy, platinum chemotherapy, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors.

Main Results:

  • BRCA mutation carriers face elevated risks of ipsilateral recurrence and contralateral breast cancer.
  • Surgical decisions, including prophylactic procedures, significantly impact risk management.
  • BRCA-associated breast cancers exhibit specific sensitivities to certain chemotherapies and targeted agents.

Conclusions:

  • Genetic testing for BRCA mutations is integral to personalized breast cancer management.
  • Surgical strategies should be individualized based on BRCA status and patient factors.
  • Understanding treatment sensitivities guides the selection of effective systemic therapies for BRCA-mutated breast cancer.