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Imaging Studies I: Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder Studies

Imaging Studies I: Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder Studies

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB) StudiesKidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB) studies are standard diagnostic imaging procedures used to assess the anatomy of the urinary system. They are commonly utilized for patients experiencing abdominal pain or urinary symptoms. By using a simple X-ray of the abdomen, KUB studies can reveal structural and pathological abnormalities within the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. These studies are particularly valuable in diagnosing kidney stones, urinary...

Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography

Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography

IntroductionUltrasonography, or renal ultrasound, is a noninvasive medical imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to visualize the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and surrounding tissues.Indications for Urinary System UltrasonographyUrinary system ultrasonography is indicated in various clinical scenarios, such as:Kidney Stones (Urolithiasis): To detect and monitor the size and presence of kidney or urinary tract stones.Hydronephrosis: To assess the dilation of the renal pelvis and...

Imaging Studies VII: Vascular Imaging

Imaging Studies VII: Vascular Imaging

DefinitionRenal angiography, also known as renal arteriography, is an imaging technique used to obtain a comprehensive view of blood flow and the vascular structure of blood vessels in the kidneys and surrounding areas.PurposeRenal angiography detects blood vessel abnormalities in the kidneys, such as aneurysms, stenosis, thrombosis, vascular tumors, and renal artery stenosis. It evaluates kidney function and guides interventional treatments like angioplasty or stent placement.Pre-Procedure...

Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography

Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography

IntroductionIntravenous Urography (IVU) and Retrograde Pyelography (RP) are important diagnostic imaging techniques used to evaluate the urinary system. These methods help identify structural abnormalities, obstructions, and functional issues in the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. Both procedures use iodine-based contrast media to enhance the visibility of urinary tract structures on X-ray images, though they differ in their methods and indications.1. Intravenous Urography (IVU)Intravenous...

Imaging Studies IV: Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Imaging Studies IV: Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Introduction:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, or MRI, can include a specialized imaging technique of the urinary system known as Magnetic Resonance Urography (MRU). This radiation-free technique uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images with the help of a computer. MRU is particularly effective for visualizing fluid-filled structures like the kidneys, ureters, and bladder.Applications of MRI in the Genitourinary SystemKidneys and Ureters: MRI detects tumors, cysts,...

Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography

Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography

DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...

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Updated: May 26, 2026

Point-of-Care Kidney and Genitourinary Ultrasound in Adults: Image Acquisition

Point-of-Care Kidney and Genitourinary Ultrasound in Adults: Image Acquisition

Published on: June 21, 2024

[Imaging of the kidney].

Raphaelle Renard-Penna¹, Pierre-Yves Marcy, Alexis Lacout

¹CHU de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, service de radiologie, Paris, France. Raphaelle.renard-penna@psl.aphp.fr

Bulletin Du Cancer

|December 14, 2011

Summary

Kidney imaging utilizes ultrasound, CT scans, and MRI for anatomical and functional insights. Dynamic renal scintigraphy assesses individual kidney function, with CT scans being the primary modality when used with proper protocols and renal function assessment.

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Area of Science:

Radiology and Medical Imaging
Nephrology

Background:

Kidney imaging relies on ultrasound, CT scans, MRI, and scintigraphy.
Ultrasound offers initial anatomic/vascular and functional data, enhanced by contrast agents.
CT scans have largely replaced intravenous urography as the primary renal imaging modality.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the primary imaging modalities for kidney assessment.
To discuss the advantages, disadvantages, and indications for each modality.
To highlight the importance of assessing renal function before contrast-enhanced imaging.

Main Methods:

Review of ultrasound, CT scan, and MRI for renal imaging.
Discussion of contrast-enhanced ultrasound techniques.
Emphasis on multi-slice CT scan capabilities for angiographic and urographic exploration.
Consideration of dynamic renal scintigraphy for functional assessment.

Main Results:

Ultrasound is operator and patient-dependent but is inexpensive and radiation-free.
Multi-slice CT scan is the main renal imaging modality, offering comprehensive exploration.
MRI provides both anatomical and functional information.
Renal function assessment is crucial before CT or MRI to prevent complications.

Conclusions:

Each imaging modality (ultrasound, CT, MRI, scintigraphy) has specific indications, pros, and cons.
CT scan is the mainstay for renal imaging with appropriate protocols, dose limitation, and renal function assessment.
Dynamic renal scintigraphy is valuable when individual kidney function is paramount.