Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction
Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations
Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care
Chronic Kidney Disease IV: Nursing Management
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease II: Emphysema
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction
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Updated: May 26, 2026

Cigarette Smoke Exposure in Mice using a Whole-Body Inhalation System
Published on: October 22, 2020
Yasuyuki Nagasawa1, Ryohei Yamamoto, Hiromi Rakugi
1Department of Geriatric Medicine and Nephrology Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan. nagasawa@kid.med.osaka-u.ac.jp
Smoking shows a clear link to chronic kidney diseases (CKDs) like IgA nephropathy and in kidney transplant patients. However, the relationship between smoking and CKD in diabetes or hypertension is less clear.
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