[Glass ionomer cement used as a retrograde filling material after apicoectomy: a review]

When an apicoectomy is performed, using retrograde sealing with amalgam, the healing of the periapical area is not always perfect. In a number of cases the cause of this imperfect healing may be due to the improper sealing ability and the moderate tissue compatibility of amalgam. A literature study has been carried out, based on the assumption that glass ionomer cement will provide a better sealing and will cause less tissue reaction. It appeared that, at least in theory, glass ionomer cement is to be preferred to amalgam when it comes to apical sealing properties and tissue reaction. In terms of usability, resorption, hardness and costs no significant differences were found. The conclusion is drawn that glass ionomer cement is an equal or perhaps even better alternative for retrograde amalgam.