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Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

In 1971, Peter Perlman and Eva Engvall developed an Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA or EIA). ELISA differs from western blot in that the assays are conducted in microtiter plates or in vivo rather than on an absorbent membrane.
There are many different types of ELISAs, but they all involve an antibody molecule whose constant region binds an enzyme, leaving the variable region free to bind its specific antigen. Enzyme-substrate reaction allows the antigen to be visualized or quantified.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2026

Electrowetting-based Digital Microfluidics Platform for Automated Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Electrowetting-based Digital Microfluidics Platform for Automated Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Published on: February 23, 2020

Individually addressable electrode array for multianalyte electrochemiluminescent immunoassay based on a sequential

Lin Wang¹, Wei Wei, Jing Han

¹Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analysis (Ministry of Education), College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China.

|December 14, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel electrode array for sequential electrochemiluminescent (ECL) immunoassays, enabling simultaneous detection of multiple analytes. This method offers a sensitive, low-cost, and high-throughput solution for clinical diagnostics.

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Snap Chip for Cross-reactivity-free and Spotter-free Multiplexed Sandwich Immunoassays

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Published on: November 13, 2017

Area of Science:

Analytical Chemistry
Biosensors
Immunochemistry

Background:

Multianalyte immunoassays are crucial for analyzing complex biological samples.
Existing methods can be limited in throughput and cost-effectiveness.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a novel, individually addressable electrode array for sequential electrochemiluminescent (ECL) immunoassay.
To demonstrate its capability for simultaneous detection of multiple analytes in a single run.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of an immunosensor array with site-selective immobilization of multiple antigens.
Utilizing a competitive immunoassay format with Ru(bpy)(3)(2+) labeled antibodies.
Sequential ECL signal detection using a non-array detector and a custom switching system.

Main Results:

Achieved detection limits as low as 8.9 ng/mL for human IgG and 7.2 ng/mL for rat IgG.
Demonstrated successful analysis of real samples.
Validated the sensitivity, simplicity, and cost-effectiveness of the developed array.

Conclusions:

The novel ECL immunosensor array provides a simple, sensitive, low-cost, and high-throughput platform.
This strategy is highly promising for advancing clinical diagnosis and multianalyte detection.