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Volatile Sex Pheromone Extraction and Chemoattraction Assay in Caenorhabditis elegans

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Lepidopteran sex pheromones.

Tetsu Ando¹, Shin-Ichi Inomata, Masanobu Yamamoto

¹Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering (BASE), Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, 184-8588, Tokyo, Japan, antetsu@cc.tuat.ac.jp.

Topics in Current Chemistry

|December 14, 2011

Summary

Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies) exhibit diverse species-specific sex pheromones, crucial for communication. Research is advancing identification methods and synthetic pheromone applications for pest control.

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Electrophysiological Measurements from a Moth Olfactory System

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Published on: March 29, 2011

Area of Science:

Entomology
Chemical Ecology
Natural Product Chemistry

Background:

Lepidoptera, comprising 150,000 species, display remarkable diversity in sex pheromone systems.
Over 530 species have had female-produced pheromones identified, categorized into Type I (75%), Type II (15%), and miscellaneous (10%) based on chemical structure.
Male-produced pheromones and butterfly semiochemicals are also documented.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide an overview of Lepidopteran sex pheromone chemical structures.
To discuss current methodologies employed for pheromone identification.
To briefly introduce the application of synthetic pheromones in pest management strategies.

Main Methods:

Gas Chromatography-Electroantennographic Detection (GC-EAD)
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS)
Liquid Chromatography (LC)
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy

Main Results:

New sex pheromones from approximately 70 Lepidopteran species have been identified in the past five years.
Despite advancements, knowledge of Lepidopteran pheromones remains incomplete, highlighting ongoing research potential.
Pheromones are classified by chemical structure, with Type I being the most prevalent.

Conclusions:

Lepidopteran sex pheromones represent a rich area for natural product chemistry research.
Continued investigation into pheromone chemistry and identification methods is essential.
Synthetic pheromones offer practical applications in integrated pest management.