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Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

Overview
Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...
Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions01:30

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial exposure to a...
Antibody Structure01:10

Antibody Structure

Overview
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing numerous...
Hypersensitivities01:30

Hypersensitivities

Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
Types of Hypersensitivities
Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2026

Humanized Mediator Release Assay as a Read-Out for Allergen Potency
10:22

Humanized Mediator Release Assay as a Read-Out for Allergen Potency

Published on: June 29, 2021

Allergen-specific immunotherapy.

William Moote1, Harold Kim

  • 1Division of Clinical Immunology & Allergy, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.

Allergy, Asthma, and Clinical Immunology : Official Journal of the Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|December 15, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Allergen-specific immunotherapy effectively treats allergies like rhinitis, asthma, and insect hypersensitivity but is underused. Proper patient selection and administration by trained professionals are crucial for safety and efficacy.

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Last Updated: May 26, 2026

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Antigenic Liposomes for Generation of Disease-specific Antibodies
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Symptom Assessment of Patients with Allergic Rhinitis Using an Allergen Exposure Chamber
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Published on: March 3, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Allergy and Clinical Immunology

Background:

  • Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is a disease-modifying treatment for allergic rhinitis, asthma, and insect hypersensitivity.
  • Despite proven efficacy, AIT is underutilized in Canada.
  • Treatment decisions require careful consideration of individual patient factors and preferences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the indications, contraindications, patient selection, administration, safety, and efficacy of AIT.
  • To address the underutilization of AIT in Canada.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on allergen-specific immunotherapy.
  • Analysis of factors influencing AIT decision-making, including symptom severity, medication use, adverse effects, and patient preference.

Main Results:

  • AIT is effective for specific allergic conditions.
  • Underutilization in Canada may stem from various factors, including physician training and clinic preparedness.
  • Risk of anaphylaxis necessitates trained prescribers and supervised administration.

Conclusions:

  • AIT is a valuable therapeutic option for specific allergic diseases.
  • Case-by-case evaluation and adherence to safety protocols are essential for successful AIT.
  • Increased awareness and training may improve AIT utilization.