A rare presentation of nephrogenic adenoma: multiple upper tract lesions in a female patient

Nephrogenic adenomas are rare benign lesions of the urinary tract occurring most frequently in the bladder of male patients. We report the case of a female patient presenting with gross hematuria, which lateralized to the left ureter on cystoscopy. At the time of ureteroscopy, two polypoid lesions were identified in an upper and lower pole calyx, which were found on biopsy to be nephrogenic adenomas. In addition to reporting this case, we review the literature for the pathophysiology of nephrogenic adenomas.