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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Atypical Pneumonia01:14

Atypical Pneumonia

Atypical pneumonia, often caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, is a form of pulmonary infection that differs from the classical presentation of bacterial pneumonia in both its cause and clinical symptoms. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a pleomorphic bacterium notable for its lack of a rigid cell wall. This structural characteristic imparts resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics and significantly influences the bacterium’s behavior within the human host.Other pathogens responsible for the disease include...
Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology01:29

Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of pneumonia involves the following steps:
Pulmonary Hypertension: Classification and Pathogenesis01:30

Pulmonary Hypertension: Classification and Pathogenesis

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a severe health condition in which the mean pulmonary arterial pressure increases to 25 mmHg or more, even when the body is at rest. This high pressure in the blood vessels that transport blood from the heart to the lungs can cause various symptoms, including shortness of breath, can lead to right heart failure, and significantly affect the overall quality of life.
There are various classifications for PH, each relating to different underlying causes and also...

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Updated: May 26, 2026

Right Ventricular Systolic Pressure Measurements in Combination with Harvest of Lung and Immune Tissue Samples in Mice
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Right Ventricular Systolic Pressure Measurements in Combination with Harvest of Lung and Immune Tissue Samples in Mice

Published on: January 16, 2013

Pulmonary histoplasmosis.

David S McKinsey1, Joel P McKinsey

  • 1Infectious Disease Associates of Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA. david.mckinsey@hcamidwest.com

Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
|December 15, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pulmonary histoplasmosis, a significant cause of illness in the US, can be prevented through environmental controls. Diagnosis involves multiple tests, with antigenuria levels indicating disease severity.

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Microbiological Rapid On-Site Evaluation for Pulmonary Infectious Diseases
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Microbiological Rapid On-Site Evaluation for Pulmonary Infectious Diseases

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Last Updated: May 26, 2026

Right Ventricular Systolic Pressure Measurements in Combination with Harvest of Lung and Immune Tissue Samples in Mice
10:20

Right Ventricular Systolic Pressure Measurements in Combination with Harvest of Lung and Immune Tissue Samples in Mice

Published on: January 16, 2013

Microbiological Rapid On-Site Evaluation for Pulmonary Infectious Diseases
03:22

Microbiological Rapid On-Site Evaluation for Pulmonary Infectious Diseases

Published on: March 1, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pulmonology
  • Mycology

Background:

  • Pulmonary histoplasmosis is a major cause of morbidity in the United States.
  • Outbreaks are linked to environmental exposures, and disseminated forms are common in immunocompromised individuals.
  • The condition often presents with pulmonary symptoms, particularly in hospitalized patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of pulmonary histoplasmosis.
  • To highlight diagnostic strategies and therapeutic options for various forms of the disease.
  • To emphasize the importance of environmental control in preventing outbreaks.

Main Methods:

  • Review of diagnostic studies including serology, antigen detection, cytology/histopathology, and culture.
  • Evaluation of antigenuria detection in multiple body fluids and its correlation with disease severity.
  • Analysis of treatment efficacy for Amphotericin B, itraconazole, and posaconazole.
  • Assessment of antifungal prophylaxis and environmental control measures.

Main Results:

  • Antigenuria detection yields are highest when multiple body fluids are tested, with levels correlating to disease severity.
  • Amphotericin B is recommended for severe cases, itraconazole for mild to moderate infections, and posaconazole as a salvage therapy.
  • Antifungal prophylaxis is not routinely advised for at-risk groups.
  • Minimizing environmental contamination can reduce epidemic-type acute pulmonary histoplasmosis.

Conclusions:

  • Prompt and accurate diagnosis of pulmonary histoplasmosis is crucial for effective management.
  • Treatment strategies should be tailored to disease severity, with specific antifungal agents recommended.
  • Preventive measures, including environmental control, are vital for reducing the incidence of histoplasmosis outbreaks.