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Related Concept Videos

Teratogenicity01:07

Teratogenicity

The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2026

A Piglet Perinatal Asphyxia Model to Study Cardiac Injury and Hemodynamics after Cardiac Arrest, Resuscitation, and the Return of Spontaneous Circulation
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A Piglet Perinatal Asphyxia Model to Study Cardiac Injury and Hemodynamics after Cardiac Arrest, Resuscitation, and the Return of Spontaneous Circulation

Published on: January 13, 2023

Neonatal deaths and injuries.

Lars T Johansen1, Pål Øian

  • 1The Norwegian Board of Health Supervision, Norway. ltj@helsetilsynet.no

Tidsskrift for Den Norske Laegeforening : Tidsskrift for Praktisk Medicin, Ny Raekke
|December 16, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Maternal care in Norway had critical gaps, with inadequate fetal monitoring and delayed deliveries in most severe birth injury cases. Small maternity units require enhanced safety protocols to prevent adverse outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Perinatal Medicine
  • Healthcare Quality Improvement

Background:

  • Birth injuries and mortality are rare in Norway.
  • The Norwegian Board of Health Supervision receives reports on adverse birth outcomes.
  • Investigating these cases identifies potential improvements in maternity care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the adequacy of maternity care in cases of infant death or severe injury during delivery.
  • To pinpoint specific areas within maternity services needing enhancement.
  • To analyze trends and risk factors associated with adverse birth events.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 81 cases reported to the Norwegian Board of Health Supervision (2006-2008).
  • Data collected included maternity unit characteristics, fetal monitoring practices, delivery methods, and personnel involvement.

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A Piglet Perinatal Asphyxia Model to Study Cardiac Injury and Hemodynamics after Cardiac Arrest, Resuscitation, and the Return of Spontaneous Circulation
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Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale

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  • Analysis focused on identifying types of inadequate maternity care and comparing outcomes across different unit sizes.

    • Main Results:

    • 58 babies died and 23 were severely injured during or after delivery.
    • Inadequate fetal monitoring occurred in 68% of cases; delayed delivery in 67%.
    • Smaller maternity units (<1000 births/year) showed a significantly higher incidence of injuries relative to reported deliveries.

    Conclusions:

    • Enhanced training for healthcare providers on fetal monitoring is crucial.
    • Maternity units need standardized procedures for high-risk birth identification, fetal monitoring, and specialist consultation.
    • Small maternity units are identified as particularly vulnerable, necessitating targeted safety improvements and emergency preparedness exercises.