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Related Experiment Video

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An Ex vivo Culture System to Study Thyroid Development

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The evolution of thyroid function with puberty.

Raman Kumar Marwaha¹, Nikhil Tandon, Ankush K Desai

¹Department of Endocrinology and Thyroid Research Centre, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, New Delhi, India. marwaha_ramank@hotmail.com

Clinical Endocrinology

|December 17, 2011

Summary

Thyroid hormone levels (free T3 and free T4) change during puberty in children. This study establishes reference ranges for thyroid function tests across pubertal stages, finding no evidence of "thyroidarche".

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Area of Science:

Pediatric endocrinology
Thyroid physiology
Pubertal development

Background:

Thyroid function undergoes significant changes during childhood and adolescence.
Establishing normative data for thyroid hormones across pubertal stages is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management.
Previous studies have lacked comprehensive data on thyroid status in relation to specific pubertal stages.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe thyroid functional status, including serum free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), in different stages of puberty.
To establish reference ranges for thyroid hormones in a healthy, disease-free pediatric population across various pubertal stages.

Main Methods:

A large community-based sample of 3722 school children from Delhi was assessed.
A stringent 'reference population' of 2134 children was defined by excluding those with thyroid disease history, medications, family history, goiter, or abnormal ultrasound/antibody findings.
Anthropometry, pubertal staging, goiter status, and serum FT3, FT4, TSH, and anti-TPO antibodies were evaluated.

Main Results:

Serum FT3 levels increased with the onset of puberty and plateaued or slightly declined after pubertal stage 3 in both genders.
Serum FT4 levels decreased with pubertal onset and remained relatively stable thereafter.
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels declined in boys throughout puberty but showed minimal change in girls, suggesting increased T4 to T3 conversion.

Conclusions:

This study provides robust, community-based reference data for thyroid function across pubertal stages in children.
The findings indicate significant, sex-specific alterations in thyroid hormone levels during puberty.
No evidence supports the concept of 'thyroidarche' occurring during or before puberty.