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Astroviruses in rabbits.

Vito Martella¹, Paschalina Moschidou, Pierfrancesco Pinto

¹University of Bari Aldo Moro, Valenzano, Italy. v.martella@veterinaria.uniba.it

Emerging Infectious Diseases

|December 17, 2011

Summary

A novel rabbit astrovirus was identified in rabbits with enteric disease. This virus was detected more frequently and in higher titers in sick rabbits, suggesting its role in rabbit enteritis.

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Area of Science:

Veterinary Virology
Gastroenterology
Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

Enteric diseases in rabbits pose significant challenges in both domestic and experimental settings.
Astroviruses are known causative agents of enteric illness in various mammalian species.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify novel viral agents associated with rabbit enteric disease.
To characterize a newly discovered astrovirus in rabbits and assess its prevalence and potential pathogenicity.

Main Methods:

Screening of rabbits with and without enteric symptoms.
Identification and genetic characterization of a novel astrovirus.
Real-time reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) for viral detection and quantification.

Main Results:

A novel astrovirus, distantly related to other mammalian astroviruses, was identified in rabbits.
Rabbit astrovirus was detected in 43% of symptomatic and 18% of asymptomatic rabbits in Italy (2005-2008).
Viral titers were significantly higher (100-1000x) in rabbits with enteric disease compared to asymptomatic controls.

Conclusions:

The findings suggest rabbit astrovirus plays a role in rabbit enteric disease.
Inclusion of rabbit astrovirus in diagnostic protocols for rabbit enteritis is recommended.
Further research is needed to fully elucidate the epidemiology and pathogenic role of rabbit astroviruses.